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Annex III Entry 371 03/10/2023

Pinene

2,6,6-Trimethylbi- cyclo[3.1.1]hept- 2-ene (alpha-Pinene); 6,6-Dimethyl- 2-methylenebicyclo [3.1.1]heptane (beta- Pinene)

Pinene is listed in Annex III and may only be used under the conditions shown in this record.

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Restricted substance— Annex III, EU Regulation 1223/2009
Entry: 371

Chemical identity and properties

PubChem 2D chemical structure for CAS 127-91-3
CAS 127-91-3PubChem CID 14896

Beta-Pinene

Beta-pinene is an isomer of pinene with an exocyclic double bond. It is a component of essential oils from many plants. It has a role as a plant metabolite. — ChEBI

IUPAC name
6,6-dimethyl-2-methylidenebicyclo[3.1.1]heptane
Molecular formula
C10H16
Molecular weight
136.23 g/mol
Exact mass
136.125200510 Da
XLogP3
3.1
Topological polar surface area
0.0 Ų
Hydrogen-bond donors
0
Hydrogen-bond acceptors
0
Covalent units
1
Defined stereocentres
0

Also known as

Nopinene2(10)-PineneTerbentheneTerebenthene6,6-Dimethyl-2-methylenebicyclo[3.1.1]heptanePin-2(10)-enePseudopinenNopinen
16 more reported names
PINENE, BETARosemarelBicyclo[3.1.1]heptane, 6,6-dimethyl-2-methylene-CHEBI:500256,6-Dimethyl-2-methylenebicyclo(3.1.1)heptaneBicyclo(3.1.1)heptane, 6,6-dimethyl-2-methylene-6,6-Dimethyl-2-methylene-bicyclo(3.1.1)heptane6,6-dimethyl-2-methylidenebicyclo(3.1.1)heptaneRefChem:56036,6-dimethyl-4-methylidenebicyclo(3.1.1)heptane204-872-5245-424-94MS8VHZ1HJFEMA No. 2903Pseudopinene.beta.-Pinene
Open full PubChem recordPubChem annotations3D structure image
External database identifiers

Evidence from additional scientific databases

NIH PubChem PUG-View
Exact identifier match14896

Attributed physical-property, hazard, environmental and use annotations.

  • Note: This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.1% (3 of 2276) of reports. Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Signal: Danger Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H226 (99.7%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]; H304 (99.7%): May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways [Danger Aspiration hazard]; H315 (81.9%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]; H317 (97.5%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]; H400 (26.1%): Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]; H410 (30.2%): Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard] Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P272, P273, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P321, P331, P332+P317, P333+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P391, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • ECHA C&L Notifications Summary: Aggregated GHS information provided per 2276 reports by companies from 38 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.; Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 3 of 2276 reports by companies.; There are 37 notifications provided by 2273 of 2276 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).; Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website. Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Signal: Danger Source: NITE-CMC
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]; H304: May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways [Danger Aspiration hazard]; H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]; H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]; H331: Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]; H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation] Source: NITE-CMC
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P271, P272, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P316, P319, P321, P331, P332+P317, P333+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: NITE-CMC
  • Signal: Danger Source: Hazardous Chemical Information System (HCIS), Safe Work Australia
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H304: May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways [Danger Aspiration hazard]; H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]; H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin] Source: Hazardous Chemical Information System (HCIS), Safe Work Australia
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P261, P264, P272, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P321, P331, P332+P317, P333+P317, P362+P364, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: Hazardous Chemical Information System (HCIS), Safe Work Australia
  • Environmental Bioconcentration: An estimated BCF of 320 was calculated in fish for beta-pinene(SRC), using a log Kow of 4.16(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC), provided the compound is not metabolized by the organism(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 4,400(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 4.16(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that beta-pinene is expected to have slight mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of beta-pinene from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.16 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(4). However, adsorption to soil is expected to attenuate volatilization(SRC). beta-Pinene is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 2.93 mm Hg(5). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2008). However, by analogy to alpha-pinene which reached 95% of its theoretical BOD using activated sludge in the Japanese MITI test(6), biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process for beta-pinene in soil(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 4,400(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 4.16(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that beta-pinene is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.16 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3 hours and 5 days, respectively(SRC). However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. The estimated volatilization half-life from a model pond is 340 days if adsorption is considered(5). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 320(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high, provided the compound is not metabolized by the organism(SRC). beta-Pinene is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of function Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), beta-pinene, which has a vapor pressure of 2.93 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase beta-pinene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 4.9 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 7.89X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of beta-pinene with ozone has been estimated as 1.2X10-17 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 23 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(4). beta-Pinene does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(5) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

Mapped by: Existing checksum-valid CAS to unique PubChem CID match. Retrieved: 2026-08-31. Open source record

Scientific classifications and hazard annotations provide context and do not replace the market-specific regulatory decision shown above.

Additional source coverage and match status
SourceResultChecked
NIH PubChem PUG-ViewExact match2026-08-31

A recorded no-match is useful evidence that the source was checked; it is not a claim that the substance does not exist elsewhere.

Retrieved from NIH PubChem on 2026-09-02 by checksum-valid CAS matching. Chemical properties do not replace the regulatory decision on this page.

PubChem 2D chemical structure for CAS 18172-67-3
CAS 18172-67-3PubChem CID 440967

(-)-beta-Pinene

(-)-beta-pinene is the (1S,5S)-enantiomer of beta-pinene. It is an enantiomer of a (+)-beta-pinene. — ChEBI

IUPAC name
(1S,5S)-6,6-dimethyl-2-methylidenebicyclo[3.1.1]heptane
Molecular formula
C10H16
Molecular weight
136.23 g/mol
Exact mass
136.125200510 Da
XLogP3
3.1
Topological polar surface area
0.0 Ų
Hydrogen-bond donors
0
Hydrogen-bond acceptors
0
Covalent units
1
Defined stereocentres
2

Also known as

(-)-nopinene(1S,5S)-6,6-Dimethyl-2-methylenebicyclo[3.1.1]heptaneBicyclo[3.1.1]heptane, 6,6-dimethyl-2-methylene-, (1S,5S)-AFN153A7SU(-)-(1S,5S)-beta-pineneCHEBI:28359FEMA NO. 2903, (-)-Bicyclo(3.1.1)heptane, 6,6-dimethyl-2-methylene-, (1S,5S)-
16 more reported names
(1S,5S)-6,6-DIMETHYL-2-METHYLENEBICYCLO(3.1.1)HEPTANE(1S,5S)-6,6-dimethyl-2-methylidenebicyclo(3.1.1)heptaneI2-Pinene, (-)-RefChem:1049087242-060-2l-beta-Pinene(1S)-(-)-beta-Pinene(s)-beta-pinene(-)-b-Pinene(-)-Pin-2(10)-ene(-)-2(10)-PineneBicyclo[3.1.1]heptane, 6,6-dimethyl-2-methylene-, (1S)-(1S)-(1)-beta-Pinene(1S,5S)-pin-2(10)-ene(S)-b-Pinene(1S,5S)-6,6-dimethyl-2-methylene-norpinane
Open full PubChem recordPubChem annotations3D structure image
External database identifiers

Retrieved from NIH PubChem on 2026-09-02 by checksum-valid CAS matching. Chemical properties do not replace the regulatory decision on this page.

PubChem 2D chemical structure for CAS 7785-70-8
CAS 7785-70-8PubChem CID 82227

alpha-Pinene, (+)-

(+)-alpha-pinene is the (+)-enantiomer of alpha-pinene. It has a role as a plant metabolite and a human metabolite. It is an enantiomer of a (-)-alpha-pinene. — ChEBI

IUPAC name
(1R,5R)-2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene
Molecular formula
C10H16
Molecular weight
136.23 g/mol
Exact mass
136.125200510 Da
XLogP3
2.8
Topological polar surface area
0.0 Ų
Hydrogen-bond donors
0
Hydrogen-bond acceptors
0
Covalent units
1
Defined stereocentres
2

Also known as

(+)-alpha-Pinene(1R)-(+)-alpha-Pinene(+)-2-Pinened-.alpha.-Pinenealpha-Pinene(dextro)(1R)-alpha-Pinene(+)-Pin-2(3)-ene(+)-.alpha.-Pinene
16 more reported names
H6CM4TWH1W(1R,5R)-pin-2-eneBicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene, 2,6,6-trimethyl-, (1R,5R)-CCRIS 9059EINECS 232-087-8.ALPHA.-PINENE, D-(+)-3,6,6-TRIMETHYLBICYCLO[3.1.1]HEPT-2-ENE.ALPHA.-PINENE-(+)(1R)-.ALPHA.-PINENECHEBI:28261EC 232-087-8(R)-(+)-.ALPHA.-PINENE(+)-(1R)-.ALPHA.-PINENE(1R)-(+)-.ALPHA.-PINENEBicyclo(3.1.1)hept-2-ene, 2,6,6-trimethyl-, (1R)-Bicyclo(3.1.1)hept-2-ene, 2,6,6-trimethyl-, (1R,5R)-
Open full PubChem recordPubChem annotations3D structure image
External database identifiers

Retrieved from NIH PubChem on 2026-09-02 by checksum-valid CAS matching. Chemical properties do not replace the regulatory decision on this page.

PubChem 2D chemical structure for CAS 80-56-8
CAS 80-56-8PubChem CID 6654

(+-)-alpha-Pinene

Alpha-pinene is a pinene that is bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene substituted by methyl groups at positions 2, 6 and 6 respectively. It has a role as a plant metabolite. — ChEBI

IUPAC name
2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene
Molecular formula
C10H16
Molecular weight
136.23 g/mol
Exact mass
136.125200510 Da
XLogP3
2.8
Topological polar surface area
0.0 Ų
Hydrogen-bond donors
0
Hydrogen-bond acceptors
0
Covalent units
1
Defined stereocentres
0

Also known as

ALPHA-PINENEAcintene Apin-2(3)-enealfa-PineneSylvapine APINENE, ALPHALeavo-95(+-)-2-pinene
16 more reported names
NSC-77272,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo(3.1.1)-2-hept-2-eneBicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene, 2,6,6-trimethyl-PC-500(TERPENE)FEMA No. 2902FEMA Number 29022,6,6-Trimethylbicyclo(3.1.1)hept-2-eneCHEBI:36740Bicyclo(3.1.1)hept-2-ene, 2,6,6-trimethyl-PC-500RefChem:55294,6,6-trimethylbicyclo(3.1.1)hept-3-ene201-291-9219-445-9JPF3YI7O342-Pinene
Open full PubChem recordPubChem annotations3D structure image
External database identifiers

Retrieved from NIH PubChem on 2026-08-31 by checksum-valid CAS matching. Chemical properties do not replace the regulatory decision on this page.

Record details

Other restrictions

The presence of the substance or the substances shall be indicated in the list of ingredients referred to in Article 19(1), point (g), when the concentration of the substance or the substances exceeds: — 0,001 % in leave-on products — 0,01 % in rinse-off products. The peroxide value shall be less than 10 mmoles/L (This limit applies to the substance and not to the finished cosmetic product).

INCI glossary name

Pinene

Chemical name

2,6,6-Trimethylbi- cyclo[3.1.1]hept- 2-ene (alpha-Pinene); 6,6-Dimethyl- 2-methylenebicyclo [3.1.1]heptane (beta- Pinene)

Regulatory information

Regulation

(EU) 2023/1545

See every entry this act set

Identified ingredients

Key data

CAS
80-56-8/ 7785-70-8/ 127-91-3/ 18172-67-3
EC
201-291-9/ 232-087-8/ 204-872-5/ 242-060-2
Annex
III
Entry number
371

Inventory links for Pinene

Inventory Shared CAS number
Ref 41357

BETA-PINENES

CAS: 127-91-3
EC: 204-872-5
Inventory Shared CAS number
Ref 41022

L-BETA-PINENE

CAS: 18172-67-3
EC: 242-060-2
Inventory Identified ingredient
Ref 90064

PINENE

CAS: 80-56-8
EC: 201-291-9

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What Annex III means for Pinene

Pinene is a restricted substance under Annex III of EU Cosmetics Regulation 1223/2009. Its use in cosmetics is only permitted under the specific conditions set out in the entry above, including applicable concentration limits, product type restrictions and required warning statements.

When including this substance in a formulation, all conditions — maximum concentration, product scope and warning labels — must be met simultaneously. Compliance with one condition does not override the others.

This record is linked to 3 CosIng inventory ingredients for name and identifier cross-reference. The page also surfaces 12 related annex records with overlapping identifiers, annex logic or naming patterns.

Compliance checklist

  • Document conditions of use in the Product Information File (PIF).

Frequently asked questions

Pinene is listed in Annex III of EU Regulation 1223/2009 as a restricted substance. It may only be used under the conditions specified in the entry, including any maximum concentration, product type limitation and required warning statements shown above.

CAS 80-56-8/ 7785-70-8/ 127-91-3/ 18172-67-3 is the unique numerical identifier assigned to Pinene by the Chemical Abstracts Service. In cosmetic compliance work, the CAS number is used to cross-reference the substance across regulatory databases, raw material specifications and safety assessment reports. Multiple EU annex entries may share the same CAS number if the same substance appears under different conditions or in different annexes.

Use the INCI Checker tool on this site to paste your full ingredient list (INCI) and scan it against all Annex II–VI entries. The tool highlights any ingredients that match restricted, prohibited or allergen-flagged records. This is useful for rapid compliance screening of finished product formulas or raw material declarations.
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Source note for Annex III record Pinene

This page summarizes one Annex III record for Pinene from public European Commission cosmetic materials and adds linked inventory or identifier matches when available.

Use this record page to review Annex III conditions for Pinene, but confirm any final regulatory decision against the current official annex wording and source files.

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