InventoryRef 3282312/08/2020
CI 77288
Dichromium trioxide; Chromic Oxide; Chromium (III) oxide
CI 77288 is linked to 1 EU annex record on this page. Inventory note: IV/129.
Regulatory evidence by market
This matrix separates verified ingredient rules from sources that are mapped but not yet imported. No imported rule does not mean the ingredient is permitted.
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| Market | Evidence status | Records | Source language |
|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | Evidence linked Positive-list entry with conditions Open this evidence | 1 | English and EU languages |
| Great Britain | Source mapped Official source mapped; ingredient rule not imported | 0 | English |
| Canada | Source mapped Official source mapped; ingredient rule not imported | 0 | English and French |
| New Zealand | Evidence linked Permitted list with conditions Open this evidence | 1 | English |
| ASEAN | Source mapped Official source mapped; ingredient rule not imported | 0 | English and national languages |
| China | Source mapped Official source mapped; ingredient rule not imported | 0 | Chinese with selected English material |
| Japan | Source mapped Official source mapped; ingredient rule not imported | 0 | Japanese; official English translation available |
| South Korea | Source mapped Official source mapped; ingredient rule not imported | 0 | Korean with some English names |
| United States | Source mapped Official source mapped; ingredient rule not imported | 0 | English |
| Australia | Source mapped Official source mapped; ingredient rule not imported | 0 | English |
| Brazil | Source mapped Official source mapped; ingredient rule not imported | 0 | Portuguese with INCI crosswalks |
| India | Source mapped Official source mapped; ingredient rule not imported | 0 | English and Hindi |
| Saudi Arabia | Source mapped Official source mapped; ingredient rule not imported | 0 | Arabic and English |
Chemical identity and properties
- IUPAC name
- oxo(oxochromiooxy)chromium
- Molecular formula
- Cr2O3
- Molecular weight
- 151.990 g/mol
- Exact mass
- 151.865753 Da
- Topological polar surface area
- 43.4 Ų
- Hydrogen-bond donors
- 0
- Hydrogen-bond acceptors
- 3
- Covalent units
- 1
- Defined stereocentres
- 0
Also known as
Chromium(III) oxideDichromium trioxideCHROMIC OXIDEChrome oxideChrome GreenGreen chromium oxideGreen cinnabarChrome ochre
16 more reported names
Chromium Oxide GreenAnadonis GreenCasalis GreenGreen rougeChrome OcherLeaf greenChromium(3+) oxideLevanox green gachromium (III) oxideOxide of chromiumGreen oxide of chromiumGreen chrome oxideChromic Acid GreenGreen chromic oxideChrome Green F 3Chromium oxide (Cr2O3)
External database identifiers
- ChEBI:CHEBI:48242
- EPA DTXSID:DTXSID4043721
- PubMed:26086747
- PubMed:24885771
- PubMed:21384495
- PubMed:15003702
- PubMed:12634122
- PubMed:1423875
Evidence from additional scientific databases
NIH PubChem PUG-View
Exact identifier match517277
Attributed physical-property, hazard, environmental and use annotations.
- Boiling Point: 4000 °C Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Boiling Point: 4000 °C Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
- Color/Form: Light to dark green, fine, hexagonal crystals Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Color/Form: Green powder Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Color/Form: Bright-green, extremely hard crystals Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Density: 5.22 at 25 °C Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Density: 5.22 g/cm³ Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
- Density: 5.22 @25 °C Source: PAC Chemical Database, U.S. Department of Energy
- Melting Point: 2435 °C Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Melting Point: 2435 °C Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
- Melting Point: 2320 °C Source: PAC Chemical Database, U.S. Department of Energy
- Physical Description: Dry Powder; Large Crystals; Dry Powder; Large Crystals; Liquid; Other Solid; Dry Powder; CBI; Large Crystals Source: EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
- Physical Description: Green, hygroscopic solid; [CHEMINFO] Insoluble in water; [ACGIH] Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
- Physical Description: LIGHT-TO-DARK-GREEN POWDER. Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
- Refractive Index: Index of refraction: 2.551 Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Solubility: In water, 3.13 ug/L at 20 °C, pH 6; 2.96 ug/L at 20 °C, pH 8 Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Solubility: Practically insoluble in water Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Solubility: Practically insoluble in alcohol, acetone; slightly soluble in acids, alkalies Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Solubility: Insoluble in acids, and alkalies Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Solubility: Solubility in water: none Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
- pH: Trivalent chromium compounds are amphoteric Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Carcinogen Classification: 3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. (L135) Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
- Exposure Routes: Oral (L16) ; inhalation (L16) ; dermal (L16) Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
- Note: This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 57.8% (1112 of 1924) of all reports. Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
- Signal: Danger Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
- GHS Hazard Statements: H302 (24%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]; H317 (25.7%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]; H319 (24.3%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H360 (14.6%): May damage fertility or the unborn child [Danger Reproductive toxicity] Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
- Precautionary Statement Codes: P203, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P272, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P318, P321, P330, P333+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
- ECHA C&L Notifications Summary: Aggregated GHS information provided per 1924 reports by companies from 27 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.; Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 1112 of 1924 reports by companies.; There are 23 notifications provided by 812 of 1924 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).; Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website. Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
- Signal: Danger Source: NITE-CMC
- GHS Hazard Statements: H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]; H334: May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled [Danger Sensitization, respiratory]; H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure] Source: NITE-CMC
- Precautionary Statement Codes: P233, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P280, P284, P302+P352, P304+P340, P319, P321, P333+P317, P342+P316, P362+P364, P403, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: NITE-CMC
- GHS Hazard Statements: H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]; H334: May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled [Danger Sensitization, respiratory] Source: NITE-CMC
- Precautionary Statement Codes: P233, P260, P261, P271, P272, P280, P284, P302+P352, P304+P340, P321, P333+P317, P342+P316, P362+P364, P403, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: NITE-CMC
- Health Effects: Chromium in its trivalent state is not very toxic. It may be oxidized to hexavalent chromium, a known carcinogen. Hexavalent chromium has also been shown to affect reproduction and development. (A12) Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
- Toxicity Summary: IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Chromic oxide (Cr(2)O(3)) is a green powder. It is not registered for current use in the U.S., but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses. It is used in abrasives and electric semiconductors; in alloys; in printing fabrics and banknotes. It is also used in dyeing polymers; colorant for latex paints, in manufacturing of chromium metal and aluminum-chromium master alloys. It's other uses include catalyst in organic synthesis, green granules in asphalt roofing, component of refractory brick. Chromic oxide is a color additive in drug use. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Fine chromic oxide particles were insoluble in the culture medium; on the contrary, Cr(2)O(3) nanoparticles released soluble hexavalent chromium into the culture medium. Human lung carcinoma A549 cells and human keratinocyte HaCaT cells showed an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and activation of antioxidant defense systems on exposure to Cr(2)O(3) nanoparticles. The cellular influences of Cr(2)O(3) nanoparticles matched those of hexavalent chromium. Human lung epithelial c Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Toxicity Summary: Trivalent chromium may also form complexes with peptides, proteins, and DNA, resulting in DNA-protein crosslinks, DNA strand breaks, DNA-DNA interstrand crosslinks, chromium-DNA adducts, chromosomal aberrations and alterations in cellular signaling pathways. It has been shown to induce carcinogenesis by overstimulating cellular regulatory pathways and increasing peroxide levels by activating certain mitogen-activated protein kinases. It can also cause transcriptional repression by cross-linking histone deacetylase 1-DNA methyltransferase 1 complexes to CYP1A1 promoter chromatin, inhibiting histone modification. Chromium may increase its own toxicity by modifying metal regulatory transcription factor 1, causing the inhibition of zinc-induced metallothionein transcription. (A12, L16, A34, A35, A36) Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
- Consumer Uses: Other; Processing aids not otherwise specified; Catalyst; Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable; Corrosion inhibitor; Pigment Source: EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
- Industry Uses: Abrasives; Other; Pigment; Dye; Catalyst; Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable; Corrosion inhibitor Source: EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
- Sources/Uses: Used in abrasives, refractory materials, semiconductors, pigments, alloys, textile printing inks, and catalysts; [Merck Index] Used as a pigment in polymers and latex paints; [HSDB] Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
- Industrial Processes with risk of exposure: Semiconductor Manufacturing [Category: Industry]; Painting (Pigments, Binders, and Biocides) [Category: Paint]; Textiles (Printing, Dyeing, or Finishing) [Category: Industry] Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
- Uses: For chromic oxide (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 021103) there are 0 labels match. /SRP: Not registered for current use in the U.S., but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./ Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Uses: In abrasives, refractory materials, electric semiconductors; as pigment, particularly in coloring glass; in alloys; in printing fabrics and banknotes; catalyst for organic and inorganic reactions. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Uses: Used in dyeing polymers, ... colorant for latex paints. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Uses: In metallurgy in the manufacture of chromium metal and aluminum-chromium master alloys. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Uses: For more Uses (Complete) data for Chromium (III) oxide (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Uses: Plastics -> Typical concentration range in plastic materials -> 1% Source: NORMAN Suspect List Exchange
- Uses: Chromium(III) oxide is commonly used as pigment, under the name viridian, in paints, inks, and glasses. (L523) Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
Mapped by: Existing checksum-valid CAS to unique PubChem CID match. Retrieved: 2026-08-31. Open source record
Scientific classifications and hazard annotations provide context and do not replace the market-specific regulatory decision shown above.
Additional source coverage and match status
| Source | Result | Checked |
|---|---|---|
| NIH PubChem PUG-View | Exact match | 2026-08-31 |
A recorded no-match is useful evidence that the source was checked; it is not a claim that the substance does not exist elsewhere.
Retrieved from NIH PubChem on 2026-09-02 by checksum-valid CAS matching. Chemical properties do not replace the regulatory decision on this page.
Inventory details for CI 77288
INCI name
CI 77288
INN name
dichromium trioxide
Description
Dichromium trioxide; Chromic Oxide; Chromium (III) oxide
Record provenance
- Inventory reference
- 32823
- Imported identity
- CI 77288
- Source update
- 12/08/2020
Annex records for CI 77288
Key data
CAS
EC
Restriction
IV/129
Function
- COLORANT
- Exclusively or mainly intended to colour the cosmetic product, the body as a whole or certain parts thereof, by absorption or reflection of visible light. All authorised colorants are substances in the positive list of Annex IV to the Cosmetics Regulation 1223/2009.
Official EU ingredient-name evidence
The ingredient name exactly matches the official 2025 EU glossary of common ingredient names.
Related inventory evidence
Ingredients with overlapping formulation functions
Additional official and scientific sources
11 external databases to check this identity in
Each link searches that source for this identity. What each source is, and its legal weight
ECHA CHEM / Information on chemicalsPubChem PUG RESTEU Safety Gate cosmetic product alertsECHA CHEMUS EPA CompToxCosmetic Ingredient Review safety assessmentsFDA Global Substance Registration SystemILO/WHO International Chemical Safety CardsJapan NITE-CHRIPNIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical HazardsOECD eChemPortal
How CI 77288 appears in the CosIng inventory
The CosIng inventory lists CI 77288 as a cosmetic ingredient and this page links it to 1 annex record. The inventory entry captures names and identifiers, while the annex record shows where the substance is prohibited, restricted or positively listed in EU cosmetics law.
CI 77288 is also tagged with 1 cosmetic function in the official data. Function labels describe intended use, but they do not replace regulatory review of linked annex records before formulation or labelling work.
Frequently asked questions
CI 77288 appears in the EU CosIng inventory and has linked annex records. Check the annex records above for applicable restrictions, concentration limits and conditions of use. Annex II listing means prohibited; Annex III means restricted; Annexes IV, V and VI mean permitted under specified conditions.
The restriction field for CI 77288 reads: "IV/129". This is the restriction note recorded in the CosIng inventory for this ingredient. For authoritative conditions and limits, always refer to the linked annex entries above.
According to the EU CosIng inventory, CI 77288 carries the following function designation(s):
CAS 1308-38-9 may appear across multiple EU annex records. Viewing the CAS lookup page shows all Annex II–VI entries sharing this identifier, which is useful for identifying cross-annex regulatory status of the same chemical substance.
Use the INCI Checker to screen a full ingredient list across selected markets, or compare this substance across all supported market datasets.
Source note for CI 77288
This page combines the CosIng inventory entry for CI 77288 with 1 linked Annex II–VI record from the local dataset built from public European Commission cosmetic ingredient materials.
Use this inventory page to research CI 77288 and compare linked records, but verify restrictions and legal status against the current official source text and law before making regulatory decisions.
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