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ProhibitedBinding ruleASEANOriginal is EnglishOfficial-source import checked

Azelaic acid

ASEAN Annex II lists this record among substances prohibited in cosmetic products. Member-state transition rules and deviations still require local verification.

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Regulatory decision and full conditions

Status
Prohibited
Legal role
Binding rule
Regulatory summary
ASEAN Annex II lists this record among substances prohibited in cosmetic products. Member-state transition rules and deviations still require local verification.
Conditions and restrictions
A prohibition entry may contain no separate condition text because the regulatory outcome is the prohibition itself. Open the cited source and apply the market-wide requirements below.

Substance identity

Official source name
Azelaic acid
CAS
123-99-9
EC
204-669-1
Identity mapping
cas_number
Linked ingredient
AZELAIC ACID
Search this identity across the siteCAS 123-99-9EC 204-669-1

Linked CosIng identity data

Names and aliases

AZELAIC ACID

CosIng description: Nonanedioic acid

Recorded cosmetic function: BUFFERING, FRAGRANCE

Function pages:BUFFERING, FRAGRANCE

View the complete ingredient profile

Cross-market snapshot for this identity

Exact linked records currently present in this site. An absent market means no imported exact match, not permission to use the substance.

4 market datasets
PubChem 2D chemical structure for CAS 123-99-9
CAS 123-99-9PubChem CID 2266

Verified chemistry for CAS 123-99-9

Azelaic Acid

Nonanedioic acid is an alpha,-dicarboxylic acid that is heptane substituted at positions 1 and 7 by carboxy groups. It has a role as an antibacterial agent, an antineoplastic agent, a dermatologic drug and a plant metabolite. It is a dicarboxylic fatty acid and an alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid. It is a conjugate acid of an azelaate and an azelaate(2-). — ChEBI

IUPAC name
nonanedioic acid
Molecular formula
C9H16O4
Molecular weight
188.22 g/mol
Exact mass
188.10485899 Da
Monoisotopic mass
188.10485899 Da
XLogP3
1.6
Topological polar surface area
74.6 Ų
Molecular complexity
147.0
Formal charge
0
Hydrogen-bond donors
2
Hydrogen-bond acceptors
4
Rotatable bonds
8
Heavy atoms
13
Covalent units
1

Names and synonyms reported to PubChem

FinaceaAnchoic acidLepargylic acid1,7-Heptanedicarboxylic acidAzelexSkinorenHeptanedicarboxylic acidEmerox 1110
16 more reported names
1,9-Nonanedioic acidEmerox 1144n-Nonanedioic acidAcido azelaicoacide azelaiqueacidum azelaicumAzelaic acid, technical grade1,7-DicarboxyheptaneZK 62498ZK-62498Finacea FoamF2VW3D43YTNSC-19493CHEBI:481314-02-00-02055 (Beilstein Handbook Reference)hydron;nonanedioate
Open full PubChem recordSafety and hazards at PubChemPubChem annotationsChemical classifications3D structure image
External database identifiers
Advanced structure statistics
Defined atom stereocentres
0
Undefined atom stereocentres
0
Defined bond stereocentres
0
Undefined bond stereocentres
0
3D pharmacophore features
6
3D rings
0
3D hydrophobes
0
3D acceptor features
4
3D donor features
0
3D anionic centres
2
3D cationic centres
0
3D conformers
10
Effective 3D rotors
8.0
Machine-readable structure identifiers
SMILES
C(CCCC(=O)O)CCCC(=O)O
InChI
InChI=1S/C9H16O4/c10-8(11)6-4-2-1-3-5-7-9(12)13/h1-7H2,(H,10,11)(H,12,13)
InChIKey
BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Evidence from additional scientific databases

NIH PubChem PUG-View
Exact identifier match2266

Attributed physical-property, hazard, environmental and use annotations.

  • Note: This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 6.5% (71 of 1087) of reports. Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Signal: Warning Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H315 (40.2%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]; H319 (93.4%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation] Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P264, P264+P265, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, and P362+P364 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • ECHA C&L Notifications Summary: Aggregated GHS information provided per 1087 reports by companies from 13 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.; Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 71 of 1087 reports by companies.; There are 11 notifications provided by 1016 of 1087 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).; Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website. Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Cosmetic Ingredient Review Finding(s): Safe in the present practices of use and concentration. Ingredient, concentration, and use information are available in documents discoverable at https://cir-reports.cir-safety.org Source: Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)
  • Toxicity Summary: The exact mechanism of action of azelaic acid is not known. It is thought that azelaic acid manifests its antibacterial effects by inhibiting the synthesis of cellular protein in anaerobic and aerobic bacteria, especially Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes. In aerobic bacteria, azelaic acid reversibly inhibits several oxidoreductive enzymes including tyrosinase, mitochondrial enzymes of the respiratory chain, thioredoxin reductase, 5-alpha-reductase, and DNA polymerases. In anaerobic bacteria, azelaic acid impedes glycolysis. Along with these actions, azelaic acid also improves acne vulgaris by normalizing the keratin process and decreasing microcomedo formation. Azelaic acid may be effective against both inflamed and noninflamed lesions. Specifically, azelaic acid reduces the thickness of the stratum corneum, shrinks keratohyalin granules by reducing the amount and distribution of filaggrin (a component of keratohyalin) in epidermal layers, and lowers the number of keratohyalin granules. Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
  • Environmental Bioconcentration: An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for 1,7-heptanecarboxylic acid(SRC), using a log Kow of 1.57(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 170(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 1.57(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1,7-heptanecarboxylic acid is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of 1,7-heptanecarboxylic acid is 4.55(4), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in the anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5). Volatilization from moist soil is not expected because the acid exists as an anion and anions do not volatilize. 1,7-Heptanecarboxylic acid is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 1.07X10-8 mm Hg(6). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2008) but straight chain carboxylic acids are expected to readily biodergade(7). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 170(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 1.57(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1,7-heptanecarboxylic acid is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). A pKa of 4.55(4) indicates 1,7-heptanecarboxylic acid will exist almost entirely in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(5). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2008) but straight chain carboxylic acids are expected to readily biodergade(8). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1,7-heptanecarboxylic acid, which has a vapor pressure of 1.07X10-8 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1,7-heptanecarboxylic acid is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 40 hrs(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 9.8X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase 1,7-heptanecarboxylic acid may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). 1,7-Heptanecarboxylic acid does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Industry Uses: Monomers; Lubricating agent; Wetting agent (non-aqueous); Binder; Intermediate; Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable; Corrosion inhibitor; Plasticizer Source: EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
  • Cosmetic Ingredient Review Link: CIR ingredient: Azelaic Acid Source: Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)
  • Sources/Uses: Found in rancid oleic acid; [Merck Index] Used in organic syntheses, lacquers, alkyd resins, low-temperature plasticizers, adhesives, polyamides, urethane elastomers, and for the treatment of acne; [HSDB] Natural component of foods such as whole grain cereals and animal products; [REPROTOX] Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
  • Industrial Processes with risk of exposure: Painting (Pigments, Binders, and Biocides) [Category: Paint]; Working with Glues and Adhesives [Category: Other]; Plastic Composites Manufacturing [Category: Industry] Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
  • Uses: Azelaic acid is used in lacquers, alkyd resins, plasticizers, adhesives, polyamides, urethane elastomers, and organic syntheses. Azelaic acid is also used in treating of acne. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: Organic synthesis, lacquers, product of hydrotropic salts, alkyd resins, polyamides, polyester adhesives, low-temperature plasticizers, urethane elastomers Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: Use (kg; approx.) in Germany (2009): >1000; Consumption (g per capita; approx.) in Germany (2009): 0.0122; Calculated removal (%): 92.2 Source: NORMAN Suspect List Exchange
  • Uses: For the topical treatment of mild-to-moderate inflammatory acne vulgaris. Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

Mapped by: Existing checksum-valid CAS to unique PubChem CID match. Retrieved: 2026-08-31. Open source record

Scientific classifications and hazard annotations provide context and do not replace the market-specific regulatory decision shown above.

Additional source coverage and match status
SourceResultChecked
NIH PubChem PUG-ViewExact match2026-08-31

A recorded no-match is useful evidence that the source was checked; it is not a claim that the substance does not exist elsewhere.

Retrieved from NIH PubChem on 2026-08-31 by checksum-valid CAS matching. Chemical properties do not replace the regulatory decision on this page.

Official source and provenance

Registered source
ASEAN Cosmetic Directive annexes
Source reference
ASEAN Annex II, reference A1141
Source record ID
II-A1141
Source version
2026-1
Source language
English
Translation status
Original is English
Source updated
2026-06-22
Snapshot checked
2026-08-30 04:44 UTC
Validation method
pdfplumber ruled-table extraction with per-annex reviewed counts
SHA-256
ffad59f6c01a92c82042c54203ee14969425c2a82bd04c2f4012ff82513e69f1

Registered dataset notes

Dataset coverage
Banned, restricted and positive-list substances under the harmonised ASEAN framework
Authority note
Regional directive; member-state transitions and deviations still require local verification
Inspect the exact official sourceRegulator guidance

How this record fits the market dataset

2224
current ASEAN records
1728
records marked Prohibited
2224
records from this source version
1930
market records with CAS identity

Status distribution

Permitted list with conditions: 247Prohibited: 1728Restricted: 249

Condition text is present on 462 of 2224 current records. An empty condition field is interpreted according to the record type above; it is never converted into an unrestricted-use claim.

ASEAN market context

Complete regional annex dataset

Coverage version: ASEAN Cosmetic Directive annexes 2026-1, 22 June 2026

Annexes II, III, IV, VI and VII covering prohibited, restricted and positive-list substances.

Verification checklist

  1. Search all ACD annexes by name and identifiers.
  2. Apply product type, maximum level and warning conditions.
  3. Confirm the target member state's adoption and transition date.
  4. Complete the local notification and responsible-company requirements.

Official market sources

Verification workflow and record completeness

Before using this result in a compliance decision

  1. Confirm that “Azelaic acid” and every CAS/EC identifier refer to the material in your supplier specification.
  2. Search all ACD annexes by name and identifiers.
  3. Apply product type, maximum level and warning conditions.
  4. Confirm the target member state's adoption and transition date.
  5. Complete the local notification and responsible-company requirements.
  6. Document the source version and recheck the regulator before manufacture, notification or market placement.

Fields available in this record

  • Official substance nameAvailable
  • CASAvailable
  • ECAvailable
  • Separate condition textNot present in source row
  • Effective dateNot supplied
  • Snapshot hash and methodAvailable

Questions this page answers

This official record identifies the substance as prohibited for cosmetic use in the stated market scope. Do not rely on a formulation containing this identity until the cited source, effective date and exact substance match have been verified.

A prohibition entry may contain no separate condition text because the regulatory outcome is the prohibition itself. Regional annex coverage does not replace member-state implementation dates, notifications or national deviations.

The record cites ASEAN Annex II, reference A1141, source version 2026-1. Open the official source.

No. CAS helps resolve identity, but jurisdictions can classify the same substance differently and can apply different product scopes, limits, warnings and transition dates.

Stable citation

Azelaic acid. ASEAN Annex II, reference A1141. ASEAN. Source version 2026-1. CosIng Checker regulatory record: https://cosingchecker.com/regulations/asean/records/2139/

Cite the regulator as the legal authority. This page is a structured evidence index and verification aid, not a substitute for the official text or professional legal assessment.

Interpretation and limits for ASEAN

This official record identifies the substance as prohibited for cosmetic use in the stated market scope.

Do not rely on a formulation containing this identity until the cited source, effective date and exact substance match have been verified.

How to interpret the legal role

The cited row forms part of a binding rule or legally incorporated list for this market.

Evidence on this page

  • Recorded outcome: Prohibited
  • Legal role: Binding rule
  • Source version: 2026-1

What it does not prove

Regional annex coverage does not replace member-state implementation dates, notifications or national deviations.

Further authoritative substance research

These sources can add identity, safety, exposure or hazard context. A link is not evidence that the database contains this exact substance, and none of these sources overrides the market decision above.

Cosmetic Ingredient Review safety assessments

Expert Panel conclusions, assessed ingredient groups, use conditions, dates and report documents

Independent expert review considered by FDA; not a government approval or binding market rule

Research this identity at the source

FDA Global Substance Registration System

UNII identifiers, preferred names, substance types, codes and public substance relationships

Identity registry only; UNII availability does not imply FDA review or approval

Research this identity at the source

ILO/WHO International Chemical Safety Cards

Hazards, symptoms, first aid, storage, incompatibilities and physical properties for covered chemicals

International occupational chemical-safety reference; not cosmetic-use approval

Research this identity at the source

Japan NITE-CHRIP

Chemical identity, Japanese and foreign legal lists, GHS hazards and exposure-related information

Chemical-management evidence; cosmetic status remains governed by the applicable MHLW standard and market rules

Research this identity at the source

NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards

REL, PEL, IDLH, properties, exposure routes, symptoms, target organs, first aid and measurement methods for covered workplace chemicals

US occupational-health guidance and limits; not a cosmetic ingredient decision

Research this identity at the source

OECD eChemPortal

Gateway to authority-owned physical-property, fate, ecotoxicity, toxicity, exposure and GHS records

Discovery gateway; each linked authority remains responsible for its data

Research this identity at the source

US EPA CompTox CTX APIs

API key required for import

DTXSID identity, experimental and predicted properties, toxicity, bioactivity, exposure and environmental data

Scientific and computational evidence; predictions must remain labelled and do not determine cosmetic legality

Research this identity at the source