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Annex III Entry 330 14/09/2023

Benzaldehyde

Benzaldehyde is listed in Annex III and may only be used under the conditions shown in this record.

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Restricted substance— Annex III, EU Regulation 1223/2009
Entry: 330

Chemical identity and properties

PubChem 2D chemical structure for CAS 100-52-7
CAS 100-52-7PubChem CID 240

Benzaldehyde

Benzaldehyde is an arenecarbaldehyde that consists of benzene bearing a single formyl substituent; the simplest aromatic aldehyde and parent of the class of benzaldehydes. It has a role as a flavouring agent, a fragrance, an odorant receptor agonist, an EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor, a plant metabolite and an EC 3.5.5.1 (nitrilase) inhibitor. — ChEBI

IUPAC name
benzaldehyde
Molecular formula
C7H6O
Molecular weight
106.12 g/mol
Exact mass
106.041864811 Da
XLogP3
1.5
Topological polar surface area
17.1 Ų
Hydrogen-bond donors
0
Hydrogen-bond acceptors
1
Covalent units
1
Defined stereocentres
0

Also known as

Benzoic aldehydePhenylmethanalBenzenecarbonalBenzenecarboxaldehydeBenzenemethylalBenzaldehyde FFCBenzene carbaldehydeBenzene carboxaldehyde
16 more reported names
benzanoaldehydeBenzylaldehydeNCI-C56133Benzoic acid aldehydeFEMA No. 2127Caswell No. 076PhenylformaldehydeNSC-7917EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 008601TA269SD04TCHEBI:17169NSC7917Bitter almond oil,RefChem:6618202-860-4Benzoyl hydride
Open full PubChem recordPubChem annotations3D structure image
External database identifiers

Evidence from additional scientific databases

EMBL-EBI ChEBI
Exact identifier matchCHEBI:17169

benzaldehyde

An arenecarbaldehyde that consists of benzene bearing a single formyl substituent; the simplest aromatic aldehyde and parent of the class of benzaldehydes.

Formula
C7H6O
Average mass
106.124 g/mol
Monoisotopic mass
106.04186 Da
Formal charge
0
  • benzaldehydes — is a (CHEBI:22698)
  • plant metabolite — has role (CHEBI:76924)
  • flavouring agent — has role (CHEBI:35617)
  • fragrance — has role (CHEBI:48318)
  • odorant receptor agonist — has role (CHEBI:62873)
  • EC 3.5.5.1 (nitrilase) inhibitor — has role (CHEBI:77118)
  • EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor — has role (CHEBI:65001)
  • plant metabolite — has role (CHEBI:76924)
  • flavouring agent — has role (CHEBI:35617)
  • fragrance — has role (CHEBI:48318)
  • odorant receptor agonist — has role (CHEBI:62873)
  • EC 3.5.5.1 (nitrilase) inhibitor — has role (CHEBI:77118)
  • EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor — has role (CHEBI:65001)
  • benzaldehydes — is a (CHEBI:22698)
Additional curated names
benzaldehydeArtificial almond oilBenzaldehydeBenzanoaldehydeBenzene carbaldehydeBenzenecarbonalBenzene carboxaldehydeBenzenecarboxaldehydeBenzenemethylalBenzoic acid aldehydeBenzoic aldehydeBenzylaldehydeEthereal oil of bitter almondsPhenylformaldehydePhenylmethanalSynthetic oil of bitter almond
Cross-references from this source
  • CAS: 100-52-7 — KEGG COMPOUND
  • CAS: 100-52-7 — ChemIDplus
  • CAS: 100-52-7 — NIST Chemistry WebBook
  • REGISTRY_NUMBER: 471223 — Reaxys
  • MANUAL_X_REF: Benzaldehyde — Wikipedia
  • MANUAL_X_REF: BENZALDEHYDE — MetaCyc
  • MANUAL_X_REF: C00193 — KEGG COMPOUND
  • MANUAL_X_REF: C00261 — KEGG COMPOUND
  • MANUAL_X_REF: C00261 — KEGG COMPOUND
  • MANUAL_X_REF: c0279 — UM-BBD
  • MANUAL_X_REF: D02314 — KEGG DRUG
  • MANUAL_X_REF: HBX — PDBeChem
  • MANUAL_X_REF: HMDB0006115 — HMDB

Mapped by: Exact CAS cross-reference in the ChEBI compound record. Source updated: 2016-08-05. Retrieved: 2026-08-31. Open source record

NIH PubChem PUG-View
Exact identifier match240

Attributed physical-property, hazard, environmental and use annotations.

  • Substance: Benzaldehyde Source: NTP Technical Reports
  • NTP Technical Report: TR-378: Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Benzaldehyde (CASRN 100-52-7) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies) (1990 ) Source: NTP Technical Reports
  • Peer Review Date: 06/27/89 Source: NTP Technical Reports
  • Conclusion for Male Rat: No Evidence Source: NTP Technical Reports
  • Conclusion for Female Rat: No Evidence Source: NTP Technical Reports
  • Conclusion for Male Mice: Some Evidence Source: NTP Technical Reports
  • Conclusion for Female Mice: Some Evidence Source: NTP Technical Reports
  • Summary: Under the conditions of these 2-year gavage studies, there was no evidence of carcinogenic activity of benzaldehyde for male or female F344/N rats receiving 200 or 400 mg/kg per day. There was some evidence of carcinogenic activity of benzaldehyde for male or female B6C3F1 mice, as indicated by increased incidences of squamous cell papillomas and hyperplasia of the forestomach. Female rats and male and female mice might have been able to tolerate higher doses. Source: NTP Technical Reports
  • First Aid: EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.; SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas.; INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknow Source: CAMEO Chemicals
  • ERG2024, Guide 171 (Benzaldehyde): General First Aid:; · Call 911 or emergency medical service.; · Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.; · Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.; · Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.; · If victim is not breathing:; -- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.; -- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).; -- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.; · Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.; · For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.; · In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.; · For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.; · Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, Source: Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)
  • Signal: Warning Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral] Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P264, P270, P301+P317, P330, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • Signal: Warning Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]; H319 (22.1%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H332 (23.4%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]; H336 (14.9%): May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects] Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P317, P319, P330, P337+P317, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • ECHA C&L Notifications Summary: Aggregated GHS information provided per 3000 reports by companies from 52 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.; Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website. Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Signal: Warning Source: NITE-CMC
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H227: Combustible liquid [Warning Flammable liquids]; H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]; H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]; H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]; H371: May cause damage to organs [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]; H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]; H401: Toxic to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]; H412: Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard] Source: NITE-CMC
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P210, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P319, P330, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: NITE-CMC
  • Signal: Danger Source: NITE-CMC
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H227: Combustible liquid [Warning Flammable liquids]; H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]; H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]; H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]; H320: Causes eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]; H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]; H371: May cause damage to organs [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]; H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure] Source: NITE-CMC
  • NFPA Health Rating: 1 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause significant irritation. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • NFPA Fire Rating: 2 - Materials that must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperatures before ignition can occur. Materials would not under normal conditions form hazardous atmospheres with air, but under high ambient temperatures or under moderate heating could release vapor in sufficient quantities to produce hazardous atmospheres with air. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • NFPA Instability Rating: 0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Cosmetic Ingredient Review Finding(s): Safe in the present practices of use and concentration. Ingredient, concentration, and use information are available in documents discoverable at https://cir-reports.cir-safety.org Source: Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)
  • Toxicity Summary: IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Benzaldehyde is a strongly refractive liquid, becoming yellowish on keeping. It is used in cosmetics as a denaturant, a flavoring agent, and as a fragrance. Currently used in only seven cosmetic products, its highest reported concentration of use was 0.5% in perfumes. Substantial amounts are used in the production of derivatives that are also employed in the perfume and flavor industries. In the pharmaceutical industry benzaldehyde is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of chloramphenicol, ephedrine, ampicillin, diphenylhydantoin, and other products. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: It may cause contact dermatitis. It was positive in sister chromatid exchange assay with human lymphocytes from healthy non-smoking donors. Benzaldehyde was found to induce formation of stable DNA-protein cross-links in cultured human lymphoma cells. Benzaldehyde was found to lack significant activity against most human tumor cells tested. ANIMAL STUDIES: It was was slightly irritating to the rabbit eye. Histological examination of the trachea and lungs showed a slight irritation of respiratory epithelium for nonsensitized guinea pigs. In the acute studies, benzaldehyde induce Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Bioconcentration: An estimated BCF of 4.4 was calculated in fish for benzaldehyde(SRC), using a log Kow of 1.48(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 11(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that benzaldehyde is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of benzaldehyde from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 2.67X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(3). Benzaldehyde is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 1.27 mm Hg at 25 °C(4). A 66% of theoretical BOD using activated sludge in a 2-week Japanese MITI test(5) suggests that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC). Other biological screening studies have also demonstrated that benzaldehyde is readily biodegradable(6-8). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 11(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that benzaldehyde is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 2.67X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 1.5 and 14 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 4.4(SRC), from its log Kow of 1.48(6) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. A 66% of theoretical BOD using activated sludge in a 2-week Japanese MITI test(7) suggests that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in water(SRC). Other biological screening studies have also demonstrated that benzaldehyde is readily biodegradable(8-10). Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process since this compound lacks functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(3). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), benzaldehyde, which has a vapor pressure of 1.27 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase benzaldehyde is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 30 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.29X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). Vapor-phase benzaldehyde is also degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with nitrate radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 7.5 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 4.30X10-15 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(4). The atmospheric reaction between benzaldehyde and ozone is too slow to be important environmentally(5). Benzaldehyde absorbs UV radiation between 300 and 380 nm in the gas-phase(6,7) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). Small quantities of benzaldehyde have been detected in atmospheric aerosol particulates(8,9) which can be physically removed from air via dry and wet depositi Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

Mapped by: Existing checksum-valid CAS to unique PubChem CID match. Retrieved: 2026-08-31. Open source record

Scientific classifications and hazard annotations provide context and do not replace the market-specific regulatory decision shown above.

Additional source coverage and match status
SourceResultChecked
EMBL-EBI ChEBIExact match2026-08-31
NIH PubChem PUG-ViewExact match2026-08-31

A recorded no-match is useful evidence that the source was checked; it is not a claim that the substance does not exist elsewhere.

Retrieved from NIH PubChem on 2026-08-31 by checksum-valid CAS matching. Chemical properties do not replace the regulatory decision on this page.

Record details

Other restrictions

The presence of the substance shall be indicated in the list of ingredients referred to in Article 19(1), point (g), when its concentration exceeds: — 0,001 % in leave-on products — 0,01 % in rinse-off products.

INCI glossary name

Benzaldehyde

Chemical name

Benzaldehyde

Regulatory information

Regulation

(EU) 2023/1545

See every entry this act set

Key data

CAS
100-52-7
EC
202-860-4
Annex
III
Entry number
330

Inventory links for Benzaldehyde

Inventory Shared INCI name
Ref 74599

BENZALDEHYDE

CAS: 100-52-7
EC: 202-860-4

Direct matches are limited for this record, so nearby entries from Annex III are shown as well.

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Carvone

CAS: 99-49-0 / 6485-40-1/ 2244-16-8
EC: 202-759-5/ 229-352-5/ 218-827-2
Annex III 326
Nearby record in the same annex

Acid Yellow 3

CAS: 8004-92-0
EC: 305-897-5

What Annex III means for Benzaldehyde

Benzaldehyde is a restricted substance under Annex III of EU Cosmetics Regulation 1223/2009. Its use in cosmetics is only permitted under the specific conditions set out in the entry above, including applicable concentration limits, product type restrictions and required warning statements.

When including this substance in a formulation, all conditions — maximum concentration, product scope and warning labels — must be met simultaneously. Compliance with one condition does not override the others.

This record is linked to 1 CosIng inventory ingredient for name and identifier cross-reference. The page also surfaces 12 related annex records with overlapping identifiers, annex logic or naming patterns.

Compliance checklist

  • Document conditions of use in the Product Information File (PIF).

Frequently asked questions

Benzaldehyde is listed in Annex III of EU Regulation 1223/2009 as a restricted substance. It may only be used under the conditions specified in the entry, including any maximum concentration, product type limitation and required warning statements shown above.

CAS 100-52-7 is the unique numerical identifier assigned to Benzaldehyde by the Chemical Abstracts Service. In cosmetic compliance work, the CAS number is used to cross-reference the substance across regulatory databases, raw material specifications and safety assessment reports. Multiple EU annex entries may share the same CAS number if the same substance appears under different conditions or in different annexes.

Use the INCI Checker tool on this site to paste your full ingredient list (INCI) and scan it against all Annex II–VI entries. The tool highlights any ingredients that match restricted, prohibited or allergen-flagged records. This is useful for rapid compliance screening of finished product formulas or raw material declarations.
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Source note for Annex III record Benzaldehyde

This page summarizes one Annex III record for Benzaldehyde from public European Commission cosmetic materials and adds linked inventory or identifier matches when available.

Use this record page to review Annex III conditions for Benzaldehyde, but confirm any final regulatory decision against the current official annex wording and source files.

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