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-phenylenediamine and its salts (CAS No. 108-45-2) m

IS 4707 Part 2:2025 Annex A lists this ingredient as one that must not form part of a cosmetic product in India.

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Regulatory decision and full conditions

Status
Prohibited
Legal role
Binding rule
Regulatory summary
IS 4707 Part 2:2025 Annex A lists this ingredient as one that must not form part of a cosmetic product in India.
Conditions and restrictions
Must not form part of the composition of cosmetic products. Apply the general trace and safety notes published after Annex A.

Substance identity

Official source name
-phenylenediamine and its salts (CAS No. 108-45-2) m
CAS
108-45-2
EC
Not supplied in this source row
Identity mapping
cas_number
Linked ingredient
M-PHENYLENEDIAMINE
Search this identity across the siteCAS 108-45-2

Linked CosIng identity data

Names and aliases

M-PHENYLENEDIAMINE

CosIng description: Benzene-1,3-diamine

EU inventory restriction note: II/1204

Recorded cosmetic function: HAIR DYEING

Function pages:HAIR DYEING

View the complete ingredient profile

Cross-market snapshot for this identity

Exact linked records currently present in this site. An absent market means no imported exact match, not permission to use the substance.

9 market datasets
PubChem 2D chemical structure for CAS 108-45-2
CAS 108-45-2PubChem CID 7935

Verified chemistry for CAS 108-45-2

M-Phenylenediamine

1,3-phenylenediamine is a phenylenediamine taht is benzene substituted at positions 1 and 3 with amino functions. — ChEBI

IUPAC name
benzene-1,3-diamine
Molecular formula
C6H8N2
Molecular weight
108.14 g/mol
Exact mass
108.068748264 Da
Monoisotopic mass
108.068748264 Da
XLogP3
-0.3
Topological polar surface area
52.0 Ų
Molecular complexity
64.0
Formal charge
0
Hydrogen-bond donors
2
Hydrogen-bond acceptors
2
Rotatable bonds
0
Heavy atoms
8
Covalent units
1

Names and synonyms reported to PubChem

1,3-Phenylenediamine1,3-BENZENEDIAMINE1,3-Diaminobenzene3-Aminoanilinem-Diaminobenzenem-Aminoanilinemeta-PhenylenediamineDeveloper C
16 more reported names
Developer 113-PhenylenediamineMetaphenylenediaminem-BenzenediamineDeveloper HDeveloper MDirect Brown BRDirect Brown GGm-FenylendiaminC.I. Developer 11meta-Aminoanilinemeta-Benzenediaminemeta-DiaminobenzeneCI Developer 11Benzene, 1,3-diamino-APCO 2330
Open full PubChem recordSafety and hazards at PubChemPubChem annotationsChemical classifications3D structure image
External database identifiers
Advanced structure statistics
Defined atom stereocentres
0
Undefined atom stereocentres
0
Defined bond stereocentres
0
Undefined bond stereocentres
0
3D pharmacophore features
5
3D rings
1
3D hydrophobes
0
3D acceptor features
0
3D donor features
2
3D anionic centres
0
3D cationic centres
2
3D conformers
1
Effective 3D rotors
0.0
Machine-readable structure identifiers
SMILES
C1=CC(=CC(=C1)N)N
InChI
InChI=1S/C6H8N2/c7-5-2-1-3-6(8)4-5/h1-4H,7-8H2
InChIKey
WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Evidence from additional scientific databases

NIH PubChem PUG-View
Exact identifier match7935

Attributed physical-property, hazard, environmental and use annotations.

  • First Aid: EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.; SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.; INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) shou Source: CAMEO Chemicals
  • Signal: Danger Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]; H311: Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]; H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]; H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H331: Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]; H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects [Warning Germ cell mutagenicity]; H400: Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]; H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard] Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P203, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P316, P318, P321, P330, P333+P317, P337+P317, P361+P364, P362+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • Signal: Danger Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H301+H311+H331 (23.9%): Toxic if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, dermal; acute toxicity, inhalation]; H301 (100%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]; H311 (100%): Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]; H317 (100%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]; H319 (100%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H331 (100%): Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]; H341 (99.7%): Suspected of causing genetic defects [Warning Germ cell mutagenicity]; H400 (96.2%): Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]; H410 (100%): Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard] Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P203, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P316, P318, P321, P330, P333+P317, P337+P317, P361+P364, P362+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • ECHA C&L Notifications Summary: Aggregated GHS information provided per 343 reports by companies from 16 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.; Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website. Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Signal: Danger Source: NITE-CMC
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]; H312: Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]; H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]; H320: Causes eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]; H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]; H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]; H401: Toxic to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]; H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard] Source: NITE-CMC
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P272, P273, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P317, P319, P321, P330, P333+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P391, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: NITE-CMC
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]; H312: Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]; H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]; H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects [Warning Germ cell mutagenicity]; H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child [Warning Reproductive toxicity]; H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]; H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]; H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure] Source: NITE-CMC
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P203, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P272, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P317, P318, P319, P321, P330, P333+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: NITE-CMC
  • Cosmetic Ingredient Review Conclusion: On the basis of the animal and clinical data included in this report, the CIR Expert Panel concludes that m-Phenylenediamine and m-Phenylenediamine Sulfate are safe for use in hair dyes at concentrations of up to 10%. Source: Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)
  • Cosmetic Ingredient Review Finding(s): Safe for use in cosmetics, with qualifications Source: Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)
  • Environmental Bioconcentration: An estimated BCF value of 0.33 was calculated for 1,3-benzenediamine(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of -0.33(1) and a recommended regression-derived equation(2). BCF values of 1.3 to 4.6 and <1.6 to 24 were measured for 1,3-benzenediamine in carp at 2 and 0.2 mg/l, respectively(3). According to a classification scheme(4), these BCF values suggest that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 16(SRC), determined from a measured log Kow of -0.33(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1,3-benzenediamine is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). However, anilines are expected to bind strongly to humus or organic matter in soils due to the high reactivity of the aromatic amino group(4,5); therefore, mobility may be much lower in some soils(SRC). Volatilization of 1,3-benzenediamine is not expected to be important from moist soil surfaces(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.3X10-9 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), from its extrapolated vapor pressure, 2.1X10-3 mm Hg(6), and measured water solubility, 2.4X10+5 mg/l(7). 1,3-Benzenediamine is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based on its extrapolated vapor pressure(6). Limited biodegradation data indicate 1,3-benzenediamine may be resistant to biodegradation in soil; soil microflora did not cleave the benzene ring of 1,3-benzenediamine in 64 days(8). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: AQUATIC FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 16(SRC), determined from a measured log Kow of -0.33(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1,3-benzenediamine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). However, aromatic amines are recognized as having a strong affinity to organic carbon, suggesting that this compound may bind strongly to suspended organic material in water(4,5). 1,3-Benzenediamine is not expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3,SRC) based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.3X10-9 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its extrapolated vapor pressure, 2.1X10-3 mm Hg(6), and measured water solubility, 2.4X10+5 mg/l(7). 1,3-Benzenediamine may exist partially in the ionized form at environmental pH's based on pKa values of 2.65 and 4.88 at 25 °C(8). Volatilization of the ionized form is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). According to a classification scheme(9), BCF values of 1.3 to 4.6 and <1.6 to 24 measured for 1,3-benzenediamine in carp at 2 and 0.2 mg/l, respectively(10), suggest that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). 1,3-Benzen Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1,3-benzenediamine, which has an extrapolated vapor pressure of 2.1X10-3 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1,3-benzenediamine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be about 1.9 hours(3,SRC). 1,3-Benzenediamine absorbs light in the environmental spectrum(4), which suggests a potential for direct photolysis in the environment(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Industry Uses: Adhesion/cohesion promoter; Intermediate; Surface modifier; Dye; Flame retardant; Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable; Other Source: EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
  • Cosmetic Ingredient Review Link: CIR ingredient: m-Phenylenediamine Source: Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)
  • Sources/Uses: Used to make diisocyanates for the production of polyurethane foams and other resins and polymers; Also used as a corrosion inhibitor, curing agent, photographic developer, and intermediate for other chemical products; [CHEMINFO] Used to make dyes, to develop dyes, to dye hair, and to cure epoxy resins; [ACGIH] Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
  • Industrial Processes with risk of exposure: Plastic Composites Manufacturing [Category: Industry]; Photographic Processing [Category: Other]; Dressing Hair [Category: Other] Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
  • Uses: MFR DYES; RUBBER CURING AGENTS; ION EXCHANGE RESINS, DECOLORIZING RESINS, FORMALDEHYDE CONDENSATES; RESINOUS POLYAMIDES, BLOCK POLYMERS, TEXTILE FIBERS, URETHANES, PETROLEUM ADDITIVES, RUBBER CHEMICALS; IN CORROSION INHIBITORS; IN PHOTOGRAPHY; AS REAGENT FOR GOLD & BROMINE Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: Dyestuff manufacture, detection of nitrite, textile developing agent, laboratory reagent, vulcanizing agent. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: IT IS ... EMPLOYED AS CURING AGENT TO HARDEN EPOXY RESINS USED IN CASTING & PLASTIC TOOLING, LAMINATING APPLICATIONS & IN ADHESIVES. IT IS ADDED TO ISOPHTHALOYL CHLORIDE TO PRODUCE POLY-META-PHENYLENE ISOPHTHALAMIDE RESIN, A POLYAMIDE FIBER (NOMEX) USED IN HIGH-TEMP APPLICATIONS, EG PROTECTIVE CLOTHING ... Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: ... CAN BE USED FOR PRODN OF OVER 140 DYES, 37 OF WHICH ARE BELIEVED TO HAVE COMMERCIAL ... SIGNIFICANCE. ... THESE DYES ARE USED TO COLOR VARIOUS TEXTILE FIBERS & OTHER MATERIALS, EG, LEATHER, PAPER, POLISHES, SPIRIT INKS ... ALSO USED AS DIRECT DYE DEVELOPER TO OBTAIN BLACK, BLUE & BROWN SHADES ... AND IT IS INCL IN HAIR-DYE FORMULATIONS TO PRODUCE BROWN, GOLDEN-BLOND, BLUE & GRAY SHADES ON THE HAIR. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: For more Uses (Complete) data for 1,3-BENZENEDIAMINE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

Mapped by: Existing checksum-valid CAS to unique PubChem CID match. Retrieved: 2026-08-31. Open source record

Scientific classifications and hazard annotations provide context and do not replace the market-specific regulatory decision shown above.

Additional source coverage and match status
SourceResultChecked
NIH PubChem PUG-ViewExact match2026-08-31

A recorded no-match is useful evidence that the source was checked; it is not a claim that the substance does not exist elsewhere.

Retrieved from NIH PubChem on 2026-08-31 by checksum-valid CAS matching. Chemical properties do not replace the regulatory decision on this page.

Official source and provenance

Registered source
India BIS IS 4707 cosmetic ingredient standards
Source reference
IS 4707 (Part 2):2025 Annex A, entry 1177
Source record ID
annex-a:1177
Source version
IS 4707 (Part 2):2025, fifth revision
Source language
English
Translation status
Original is English
Effective date
2025-08-09
Source updated
2025-08-09
Snapshot checked
2026-08-31 15:30 UTC
Validation method
206 text layers; Annex A 1-1614 and Annex B 1-313 with seven lettered source rows
SHA-256
905dd0326361c53da8a354b948331946951ac3ae27d60d8e2474efb051239603

Registered dataset notes

Dataset coverage
Complete current Part 2:2025 Annex A prohibited and Annex B restricted rows; Parts 1, 3 and 4 remain linked official checks
Authority note
Indian Standards referenced by the cosmetics regulatory framework; use the controlled current editions
Inspect the exact official sourceRegulator guidance

How this record fits the market dataset

1931
current India records
1614
records marked Prohibited
1931
records from this source version
1836
market records with CAS identity

Status distribution

Prohibited: 1614Restricted: 317

Condition text is present on 1931 of 1931 current records. An empty condition field is interpreted according to the record type above; it is never converted into an unrestricted-use claim.

India market context

Complete current Part 2 dataset plus official workflow for Parts 1, 3 and 4

Coverage version: Cosmetics Rules 2020 plus current BIS IS 4707 parts (1:2020, 2:2025, 3:2025, 4:2022)

All 1,614 prohibited Annex A rows and 317 numbered/lettered restricted Annex B rows from IS 4707 Part 2:2025; official checks remain for colourants, preservatives and UV filters in Parts 1, 3 and 4.

Verification checklist

  1. Confirm product class and current Cosmetics Rules/gazette amendments.
  2. Check all applicable parts of IS 4707 by exact identity.
  3. Apply Schedule S/other finished-product standards where relevant.
  4. Verify licence/import registration, labelling and testing requirements.

Official market sources

Verification workflow and record completeness

Before using this result in a compliance decision

  1. Confirm that “-phenylenediamine and its salts (CAS No. 108-45-2) m” and every CAS/EC identifier refer to the material in your supplier specification.
  2. Confirm product class and current Cosmetics Rules/gazette amendments.
  3. Check all applicable parts of IS 4707 by exact identity.
  4. Apply Schedule S/other finished-product standards where relevant.
  5. Verify licence/import registration, labelling and testing requirements.
  6. Document the source version and recheck the regulator before manufacture, notification or market placement.

Fields available in this record

  • Official substance nameAvailable
  • CASAvailable
  • ECNot supplied
  • Separate condition textAvailable
  • Effective dateAvailable
  • Snapshot hash and methodAvailable

Questions this page answers

This official record identifies the substance as prohibited for cosmetic use in the stated market scope. Do not rely on a formulation containing this identity until the cited source, effective date and exact substance match have been verified.

A prohibition entry may contain no separate condition text because the regulatory outcome is the prohibition itself. The standards are separate controlled publications; absence from a locally indexed excerpt is not permission.

The record cites IS 4707 (Part 2):2025 Annex A, entry 1177, source version IS 4707 (Part 2):2025, fifth revision. Open the official source.

No. CAS helps resolve identity, but jurisdictions can classify the same substance differently and can apply different product scopes, limits, warnings and transition dates.

Stable citation

-phenylenediamine and its salts (CAS No. 108-45-2) m. IS 4707 (Part 2):2025 Annex A, entry 1177. India. Source version IS 4707 (Part 2):2025, fifth revision. CosIng Checker regulatory record: https://cosingchecker.com/regulations/in/records/15771/

Cite the regulator as the legal authority. This page is a structured evidence index and verification aid, not a substitute for the official text or professional legal assessment.

Interpretation and limits for India

This official record identifies the substance as prohibited for cosmetic use in the stated market scope.

Do not rely on a formulation containing this identity until the cited source, effective date and exact substance match have been verified.

How to interpret the legal role

The cited row forms part of a binding rule or legally incorporated list for this market.

Evidence on this page

  • Recorded outcome: Prohibited
  • Legal role: Binding rule
  • Source version: IS 4707 (Part 2):2025, fifth revision
  • Effective date: 2025-08-09

What it does not prove

The standards are separate controlled publications; absence from a locally indexed excerpt is not permission.

Further authoritative substance research

These sources can add identity, safety, exposure or hazard context. A link is not evidence that the database contains this exact substance, and none of these sources overrides the market decision above.

Cosmetic Ingredient Review safety assessments

Expert Panel conclusions, assessed ingredient groups, use conditions, dates and report documents

Independent expert review considered by FDA; not a government approval or binding market rule

Research this identity at the source

FDA Global Substance Registration System

UNII identifiers, preferred names, substance types, codes and public substance relationships

Identity registry only; UNII availability does not imply FDA review or approval

Research this identity at the source

ILO/WHO International Chemical Safety Cards

Hazards, symptoms, first aid, storage, incompatibilities and physical properties for covered chemicals

International occupational chemical-safety reference; not cosmetic-use approval

Research this identity at the source

Japan NITE-CHRIP

Chemical identity, Japanese and foreign legal lists, GHS hazards and exposure-related information

Chemical-management evidence; cosmetic status remains governed by the applicable MHLW standard and market rules

Research this identity at the source

NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards

REL, PEL, IDLH, properties, exposure routes, symptoms, target organs, first aid and measurement methods for covered workplace chemicals

US occupational-health guidance and limits; not a cosmetic ingredient decision

Research this identity at the source

OECD eChemPortal

Gateway to authority-owned physical-property, fate, ecotoxicity, toxicity, exposure and GHS records

Discovery gateway; each linked authority remains responsible for its data

Research this identity at the source

US EPA CompTox CTX APIs

API key required for import

DTXSID identity, experimental and predicted properties, toxicity, bioactivity, exposure and environmental data

Scientific and computational evidence; predictions must remain labelled and do not determine cosmetic legality

Research this identity at the source