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ProhibitedBinding ruleGBOriginal is EnglishOfficial-source import checked

Tetrahydrofuran

The consolidated GB Cosmetics Regulation lists this record in Annex II.

All Great Britain recordsCompare all marketsOpen official source

Regulatory decision and full conditions

Status
Prohibited
Legal role
Binding rule
Regulatory summary
The consolidated GB Cosmetics Regulation lists this record in Annex II.
Conditions and restrictions
A prohibition entry may contain no separate condition text because the regulatory outcome is the prohibition itself. Open the cited source and apply the market-wide requirements below.

Substance identity

Official source name
Tetrahydrofuran
CAS
109-99-9
EC
203-726-8
Identity mapping
standalone:official_gb_annex
Search this identity across the siteCAS 109-99-9EC 203-726-8

Cross-market snapshot for this identity

Exact linked records currently present in this site. An absent market means no imported exact match, not permission to use the substance.

6 market datasets
PubChem 2D chemical structure for CAS 109-99-9
CAS 109-99-9PubChem CID 8028

Verified chemistry for CAS 109-99-9

Tetrahydrofuran

IUPAC name
oxolane
Molecular formula
C4H8O
Molecular weight
72.11 g/mol
Exact mass
72.057514874 Da
Monoisotopic mass
72.057514874 Da
XLogP3
0.5
Topological polar surface area
9.2 Ų
Molecular complexity
22.0
Formal charge
0
Hydrogen-bond donors
0
Hydrogen-bond acceptors
1
Rotatable bonds
0
Heavy atoms
5
Covalent units
1

Names and synonyms reported to PubChem

FuranidineFuran, tetrahydro-Tetramethylene oxideHydrofuranOxacyclopentane1,4-EpoxybutaneTetrahydrofuranneTetraidrofurano
16 more reported names
TetrahydrofuraanCyclotetramethylene oxideAgrisynth THFButane, 1,4-epoxy-RCRA waste number U213Butane, alpha,delta-oxideNCI-C60560Butane alpha,delta-oxide3N8FZZ6PY4NSC-57858CHEBI:26911RefChem:932807203-726-8Diethylene oxideButylene oxideTetrahydrofurane
Open full PubChem recordSafety and hazards at PubChemPubChem annotationsChemical classifications3D structure image
External database identifiers
Advanced structure statistics
Defined atom stereocentres
0
Undefined atom stereocentres
0
Defined bond stereocentres
0
Undefined bond stereocentres
0
3D pharmacophore features
2
3D rings
1
3D hydrophobes
0
3D acceptor features
1
3D donor features
0
3D anionic centres
0
3D cationic centres
0
3D conformers
1
Effective 3D rotors
1.0
Machine-readable structure identifiers
SMILES
C1CCOC1
InChI
InChI=1S/C4H8O/c1-2-4-5-3-1/h1-4H2
InChIKey
WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Evidence from additional scientific databases

NIH PubChem PUG-View
Exact identifier match8028

Attributed physical-property, hazard, environmental and use annotations.

  • First Aid: EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.; SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.; INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) shou Source: CAMEO Chemicals
  • ERG2024, Guide 127 (Tetrahydrofuran): General First Aid:; · Call 911 or emergency medical service.; · Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.; · Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.; · Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.; · If victim is not breathing:; -- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.; -- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).; -- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.; · Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.; · For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.; · In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.; · For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.; · Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, Source: Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)
  • First Aid: (General first aid procedures); Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.; Skin: Water flush promptly - If this chemical contacts the skin, flush the contaminated skin with water promptly. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water promptly. If irritation persists after washing, get medical attention.; Breathing: Respiratory support; Swallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. Source: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
  • Signal: Danger Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]; H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]; H351: Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity] Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264+P265, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P318, P319, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • Note: This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.1% (2 of 1661) of reports. Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Signal: Danger Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H225 (99.8%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]; H302 (31.6%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]; H319 (99.3%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H335 (98.7%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]; H336 (23.2%): May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]; H351 (51.5%): Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity] Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P318, P319, P330, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • ECHA C&L Notifications Summary: Aggregated GHS information provided per 1661 reports by companies from 91 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.; Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 2 of 1661 reports by companies.; There are 90 notifications provided by 1659 of 1661 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).; Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website. Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Signal: Warning Source: NITE-CMC
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation] Source: NITE-CMC
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P264, P280, P302+P352, P321, P332+P317, and P362+P364 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: NITE-CMC
  • Signal: Danger Source: NITE-CMC
  • NFPA Health Rating: 2 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause temporary incapacitation or residual injury. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • NFPA Fire Rating: 3 - Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Materials produce hazardous atmospheres with air under almost all ambient temperatures or, though unaffected by ambient temperatures, are readily ignited under almost all conditions. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • NFPA Instability Rating: 1 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable but that can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Toxicity Summary: HUMAN TOXICITY: Data pertaining to the toxicity of tetrahydrofuran (THF) in humans is quite limited. The probable oral lethal dose in humans is 50-500 mg/kg. Severe occipital headaches were reported in the testing for pharmacological properties of THF & among technicians performing animal experiments. Toxicity (TCLo) is expected following exposure to a 2.5% concn of THF. ANIMAL TOXICITY: Animal studies indicate that THF is only "MODERATELY TOXIC" from acute exposure with the lowest reported LD50's of 1900-2900 mg/kg by oral route. Median lethal concns by inhalation varied with the duration of exposure but were >20,000 ppm with all species for exposures of 1 hr or less. Reports of animal studies document irritation of the skin & mucous membranes, including the eyes, nose, & upper respiratory tract, as the predominant effect from lower exposures (about 100-200 ppm). High acute doses (about 25,000 ppm) produced anesthesia with delayed induction & recovery periods, accompanied by a fall in blood pressure & strong respiratory stimulation. The margin of safety between anesthesia & death is small. Other effects recorded are those of damage to liver, kidneys, & lung after prolonged exposur Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Bioconcentration: An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for tetrahydrofuran(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.46(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 18 and 23(2), indicate that tetrahydrofuran is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of tetrahydrofuran from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 7.05X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(3). Tetrahydrofuran is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 162 mm Hg at 25 °C(4). Tetrahydrofuran, added to the surface of 2 different soil samples which had been sterilized to prevent microbial degradation, had a disappearance half-life of 5.7 days(5). A 100% of theoretical BOD using activated sludge in the Japanese MITI test(6) suggests that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC); however, the EEC manometric respirometric method, tested in 22 different laboratories, gave a mean of 34% of the theoretical BOD within 28 days(7). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 18 and 23(2), indicate that tetrahydrofuran is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 7.05X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 13 hours and 6.6 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow of 0.46(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). In the modified MITI screening test, tetrahydrofuran at 100 mg/L was completely biodegraded in 14 days using an activated sludge inoculum(8); however, the EEC manometric respirometric method, tested in 22 different laboratories, gave a mean of 34% of the theoretical BOD within 28 days(9). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), tetrahydrofuran, which has a vapor pressure of 162 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase tetrahydrofuran is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is 21 to 24 hours(3), calculated from its measured rate constants of 1.62X10-11 to 1.8X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec(4). Butyrolactone and alpha-hydroxytetrahydrofuran were formed as products during the photooxidation of tetrahydrofuran(5). Tetrahydrofuran will also react with nitrate radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is 3 days(SRC), calculated from its measured rate constant of 4.88X10-15 cu cm/molecule-sec(6). Tetrahydrofuran is moderately reactive in photochemical smog conditions where nitrogen oxides are present; reactions occur in time scales of hours(7-9). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Consumer Uses: Other; Anti-adhesive/cohesive; Solvent; Laboratory chemicals; Intermediate; Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable Source: EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
  • Industry Uses: Anti-adhesive/cohesive; Solvent; Other; Tanning agents not otherwise specified; Monomers; Processing aids not otherwise specified; Fuel agents; Fuel; Fragrance; Catalyst; Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable; Intermediate; Laboratory chemicals Source: EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
  • Sources/Uses: Used as a solvent for polymers and resins, a wetting agent for textiles, and a chemical intermediate; [ACGIH] Used as a solvent in inks, adhesives, and lacquers; [HSDB] Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
  • Industrial Processes with risk of exposure: Textiles (Fiber & Fabric Manufacturing) [Category: Industry]; Painting (Solvents) [Category: Paint]; Working with Glues and Adhesives [Category: Other]; Plastic Composites Manufacturing [Category: Industry] Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
  • Uses: Solvent for high polymers, especially polyvinyl chloride. As reaction medium for Grignard and metal hydride reactions. In the synthesis of butyrolactone, succinic acid, 1,4-butanediol diacetate. Solvent in histological techniques. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: Solvent for fat oils, unvulcanized rubber; for making adipic acid Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: Solvent in preparation of printing inks, adhesives, lacquers, & other coatings; Grignard reagent in synthesis of motor fuels, vitamins, hormones, pharmaceuticals, synthetic perfumes, organometallic cmpds, & insecticides. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: Solvent for natural and synthetic resins, particularly vinyls, in topcoating solutions, polymer coating, cellophane, protective coatings, adhesives, magnetic tapes, printing inks, etc., Grignard reactions, lithium aluminum hydride reductions, and polymerizations; chemical intermediate and monomer. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: For more Uses (Complete) data for Tetrahydrofuran (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

Mapped by: Existing checksum-valid CAS to unique PubChem CID match. Retrieved: 2026-08-31. Open source record

Scientific classifications and hazard annotations provide context and do not replace the market-specific regulatory decision shown above.

Additional source coverage and match status
SourceResultChecked
NIH PubChem PUG-ViewExact match2026-08-31

A recorded no-match is useful evidence that the source was checked; it is not a claim that the substance does not exist elsewhere.

Retrieved from NIH PubChem on 2026-08-31 by checksum-valid CAS matching. Chemical properties do not replace the regulatory decision on this page.

Official source and provenance

Registered source
Great Britain Cosmetics Regulation — consolidated Annexes II–VI and amendments
Source reference
GB Cosmetics Regulation, Annex II, entry 1547
Source record ID
II-1547
Source version
2026-08-15
Source language
English
Translation status
Original is English
Effective date
2026-08-15
Source updated
2026-08-19
Snapshot checked
2026-08-30 04:51 UTC
Validation method
legislation.gov.uk XML table parse; {'II': 1758, 'III': 326, 'IV': 154, 'V': 57, 'VI': 34}
SHA-256
e3a386d950f54c6e7a7f9e784d1bd46e52de725137e89d5630709824475215d8

Registered dataset notes

Dataset coverage
Complete consolidated GB Annexes II–VI, with later amendments versioned separately
Authority note
Binding GB schedules and versioned amendments to retained Regulation 1223/2009; applies to England, Wales and Scotland, not Northern Ireland
Source licence
Open Government Licence v3.0 / Crown copyright
Attribution
Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.
Inspect the exact official sourceRegulator guidance

How this record fits the market dataset

2329
current Great Britain records
1758
records marked Prohibited
2329
records from this source version
2015
market records with CAS identity

Status distribution

Permitted list with conditions: 245Prohibited: 1758Restricted: 326

Condition text is present on 517 of 2329 current records. An empty condition field is interpreted according to the record type above; it is never converted into an unrestricted-use claim.

Great Britain market context

Complete consolidated annex dataset

Coverage version: GB retained Regulation 1223/2009 schedules, effective 15 August 2026

Current consolidated Annexes II–VI for England, Scotland and Wales.

Verification checklist

  1. Confirm INCI/CAS/EC identity.
  2. Review every current GB Annex II–VI match.
  3. Check commencement dates and later statutory instruments.
  4. Verify SCPN, responsible-person, safety-report and labelling duties.

Official market sources

Verification workflow and record completeness

Before using this result in a compliance decision

  1. Confirm that “Tetrahydrofuran” and every CAS/EC identifier refer to the material in your supplier specification.
  2. Confirm INCI/CAS/EC identity.
  3. Review every current GB Annex II–VI match.
  4. Check commencement dates and later statutory instruments.
  5. Verify SCPN, responsible-person, safety-report and labelling duties.
  6. Document the source version and recheck the regulator before manufacture, notification or market placement.

Fields available in this record

  • Official substance nameAvailable
  • CASAvailable
  • ECAvailable
  • Separate condition textNot present in source row
  • Effective dateAvailable
  • Snapshot hash and methodAvailable

Questions this page answers

This official record identifies the substance as prohibited for cosmetic use in the stated market scope. Do not rely on a formulation containing this identity until the cited source, effective date and exact substance match have been verified.

A prohibition entry may contain no separate condition text because the regulatory outcome is the prohibition itself. No annex match is not approval and does not cover Northern Ireland, which follows the applicable EU framework.

The record cites GB Cosmetics Regulation, Annex II, entry 1547, source version 2026-08-15. Open the official source.

No. CAS helps resolve identity, but jurisdictions can classify the same substance differently and can apply different product scopes, limits, warnings and transition dates.

Stable citation

Tetrahydrofuran. GB Cosmetics Regulation, Annex II, entry 1547. Great Britain. Source version 2026-08-15. CosIng Checker regulatory record: https://cosingchecker.com/regulations/gb/records/5902/

Cite the regulator as the legal authority. This page is a structured evidence index and verification aid, not a substitute for the official text or professional legal assessment.

Interpretation and limits for Great Britain

This official record identifies the substance as prohibited for cosmetic use in the stated market scope.

Do not rely on a formulation containing this identity until the cited source, effective date and exact substance match have been verified.

How to interpret the legal role

The cited row forms part of a binding rule or legally incorporated list for this market.

Evidence on this page

  • Recorded outcome: Prohibited
  • Legal role: Binding rule
  • Source version: 2026-08-15
  • Effective date: 2026-08-15

What it does not prove

No annex match is not approval and does not cover Northern Ireland, which follows the applicable EU framework.

Further authoritative substance research

These sources can add identity, safety, exposure or hazard context. A link is not evidence that the database contains this exact substance, and none of these sources overrides the market decision above.

Cosmetic Ingredient Review safety assessments

Expert Panel conclusions, assessed ingredient groups, use conditions, dates and report documents

Independent expert review considered by FDA; not a government approval or binding market rule

Research this identity at the source

FDA Global Substance Registration System

UNII identifiers, preferred names, substance types, codes and public substance relationships

Identity registry only; UNII availability does not imply FDA review or approval

Research this identity at the source

ILO/WHO International Chemical Safety Cards

Hazards, symptoms, first aid, storage, incompatibilities and physical properties for covered chemicals

International occupational chemical-safety reference; not cosmetic-use approval

Research this identity at the source

Japan NITE-CHRIP

Chemical identity, Japanese and foreign legal lists, GHS hazards and exposure-related information

Chemical-management evidence; cosmetic status remains governed by the applicable MHLW standard and market rules

Research this identity at the source

NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards

REL, PEL, IDLH, properties, exposure routes, symptoms, target organs, first aid and measurement methods for covered workplace chemicals

US occupational-health guidance and limits; not a cosmetic ingredient decision

Research this identity at the source

OECD eChemPortal

Gateway to authority-owned physical-property, fate, ecotoxicity, toxicity, exposure and GHS records

Discovery gateway; each linked authority remains responsible for its data

Research this identity at the source

US EPA CompTox CTX APIs

API key required for import

DTXSID identity, experimental and predicted properties, toxicity, bioactivity, exposure and environmental data

Scientific and computational evidence; predictions must remain labelled and do not determine cosmetic legality

Research this identity at the source