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丙二腈 — Malononitrile （CAS No. 109-77-3）

Malononitrile （CAS No. 109-77-3）

The NMPA binding 2021 catalogue prohibits this raw material in cosmetic formulas in China.

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Regulatory decision and full conditions

Status
Prohibited
Legal role
Binding rule
Regulatory summary
The NMPA binding 2021 catalogue prohibits this raw material in cosmetic formulas in China.
Conditions and restrictions
Prohibited in cosmetic product formulas. Verify the cited Chinese source identity and any later NMPA amendment before use.

Substance identity

Official source name
丙二腈 — Malononitrile （CAS No. 109-77-3）
CAS
109-77-3
EC
Not supplied in this source row
Identity mapping
standalone:official_nmpa_record
Search this identity across the siteCAS 109-77-3

Cross-market snapshot for this identity

Exact linked records currently present in this site. An absent market means no imported exact match, not permission to use the substance.

10 market datasets
PubChem 2D chemical structure for CAS 109-77-3
CAS 109-77-3PubChem CID 8010

Verified chemistry for CAS 109-77-3

Malononitrile

Malononitrile is a dinitrile that is methane substituted by two cyano groups. It is a dinitrile and an aliphatic nitrile. — ChEBI

IUPAC name
propanedinitrile
Molecular formula
C3H2N2
Molecular weight
66.06 g/mol
Exact mass
66.021798072 Da
Monoisotopic mass
66.021798072 Da
XLogP3
-0.5
Topological polar surface area
47.6 Ų
Molecular complexity
82.0
Formal charge
0
Hydrogen-bond donors
0
Hydrogen-bond acceptors
2
Rotatable bonds
0
Heavy atoms
5
Covalent units
1

Names and synonyms reported to PubChem

DicyanomethaneMalonic dinitrileMethylene cyanideCyanoacetonitrileMalonodinitrileDicyanmethaneMalonic acid dinitrileMethylenedinitrile
16 more reported names
Methane, dicyano-MethylenecyanidePropanedinitriteNitril kyseliny malonoveDwumetylosulfotlenkuRCRA waste number U149USAF A-4600USAF KF-19MalonsaeuredinitrilNitrile kyseliny malonoveEBL1KKS93JNSC-3769CHEBI:33186DICYCANOMETHANEMALONICDINITRILEMETHANE, DICYANO
Open full PubChem recordSafety and hazards at PubChemPubChem annotationsChemical classifications3D structure image
External database identifiers
Advanced structure statistics
Defined atom stereocentres
0
Undefined atom stereocentres
0
Defined bond stereocentres
0
Undefined bond stereocentres
0
3D pharmacophore features
2
3D rings
0
3D hydrophobes
0
3D acceptor features
2
3D donor features
0
3D anionic centres
0
3D cationic centres
0
3D conformers
1
Effective 3D rotors
0.0
Machine-readable structure identifiers
SMILES
C(C#N)C#N
InChI
InChI=1S/C3H2N2/c4-2-1-3-5/h1H2
InChIKey
CUONGYYJJVDODC-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Evidence from additional scientific databases

NIH PubChem PUG-View
Exact identifier match8010

Attributed physical-property, hazard, environmental and use annotations.

  • First Aid: Warning: Malononitrile may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through skin or mucous membranes. Caution is advised.; Signs and Symptoms of Malononitrile Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to malononitrile may include hypertension (high blood pressure) and tachycardia (rapid heart rate), followed by hypotension (low blood pressure) and bradycardia (slow heart rate). Cherry-red or bloody mucous membranes may be noted. Cardiac arrhythmias and other cardiac abnormalities are common. Cyanosis (blue tint to the skin and mucous membranes) may be observed. Other symptoms include anxiety, confusion, tightness in the chest, and involuntary urination and defecation. Headache, vertigo (dizziness), agitation, and giddiness may be followed by combative behavior, convulsions, paralysis, protruding eyeballs, dilated and unreactive pupils, unconsciousness and coma. Tachypnea (rapid, shallow respirations) or hyperpnea (rapid, deep respirations) may be followed by respiratory depression or arrest. Lung hemorrhage and pulmonary edema may also occur. Malononitrile is irritating to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Lacrimation (tearing) and a burning sensation of the mouth and t Source: CAMEO Chemicals
  • ERG2024, Guide 153 (Malononitrile): General First Aid:; · Call 911 or emergency medical service.; · Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.; · Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.; · Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.; · If victim is not breathing:; -- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.; -- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).; -- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.; · Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.; · For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.; · In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.; · For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.; · Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, Source: Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)
  • First Aid: (General first aid procedures); Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.; Skin: Water wash immediately - If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately wash the contaminated skin with water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and wash the skin with water. If symptoms occur after washing, get medical attention immediately.; Breathing: Respiratory support; Swallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. Source: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
  • Signal: Danger Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]; H311: Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]; H331: Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]; H400: Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]; H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard] Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P261, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P316, P321, P330, P361+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • Signal: Danger Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H300 (68.5%): Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]; H301 (31.5%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]; H311+H331 (52%): Toxic in contact with skin or if inhaled. [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal; acute toxicity, inhalation]; H311 (100%): Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]; H317 (68.5%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]; H319 (68.9%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H331 (100%): Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]; H400 (100%): Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]; H410 (100%): Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard] Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P272, P273, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P316, P321, P330, P333+P317, P337+P317, P361+P364, P362+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • ECHA C&L Notifications Summary: Aggregated GHS information provided per 254 reports by companies from 10 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.; Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website. Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Signal: Danger Source: NITE-CMC
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]; H311: Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]; H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H330: Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]; H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure] Source: NITE-CMC
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P260, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P316, P320, P321, P330, P337+P317, P361+P364, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: NITE-CMC
  • Signal: Danger Source: Hazardous Chemical Information System (HCIS), Safe Work Australia
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]; H311: Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]; H331: Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]; H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard] Source: Hazardous Chemical Information System (HCIS), Safe Work Australia
  • Health Effects: Exposure to high levels of cyanide for a short time harms the brain and heart and can even cause coma, seizures, apnea, cardiac arrest and death. Chronic inhalation of cyanide causes breathing difficulties, chest pain, vomiting, blood changes, headaches, and enlargement of the thyroid gland. Skin contact with cyanide salts can irritate and produce sores. (L96, L97) Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
  • Toxicity Summary: Organic nitriles decompose into cyanide ions both in vivo and in vitro. Consequently the primary mechanism of toxicity for organic nitriles is their production of toxic cyanide ions or hydrogen cyanide. Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. Cyanide is also known produce some of its toxic effects by binding to catalase, glutathione peroxidase, methemoglobin, hydroxocobalamin, phosphatase, tyrosinase, ascorbic acid oxidase, xanthine oxidase, succinic dehydrogenase, and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase. Cyanide binds to the ferric ion of methemoglobin to form inactive cyanmethemoglobin. (L97) Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
  • Environmental Bioconcentration: An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated for malononitrile(SRC), using a log Kow of -0.60(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 11(SRC), determined from a log Kow of -0.60(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that malononitrile is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of malononitrile from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.27X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Malononitrile is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 0.20 mm Hg(5). Nitriles are biodegraded by enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis to ultimately form carboxylic acids and ammonia(6,7). Thus, malononitrile may biodegrade in soil(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 11(SRC), determined from a log Kow of -0.60(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that malononitrile is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.27X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). The neutral and base hydrolysis rate constants for malononitrile in water at 25 °C were experimentally determined to be 0.00135/hr and 806/M-hr, respectively, which corresponds to a half-life of 20.2 days at a pH of 7(7); at pHs of 5, 6, 8 and 9, the hydrolysis half-lives would be 21.4, 21.3. 13.4 and 3.1 days, respectively(SRC). Nitriles are biodegraded by enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis to ultimately form carboxylic acids and ammonia(8,9). Thus, malononitrile may biodegrade in water(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), malononitrile, which has a vapor pressure of 0.200 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere(SRC). Vapor-phase malononitrile is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 476 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 3.37X10-14 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) determined using a structure estimation method(3). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

Mapped by: Existing checksum-valid CAS to unique PubChem CID match. Retrieved: 2026-08-31. Open source record

Scientific classifications and hazard annotations provide context and do not replace the market-specific regulatory decision shown above.

Additional source coverage and match status
SourceResultChecked
NIH PubChem PUG-ViewExact match2026-08-31

A recorded no-match is useful evidence that the source was checked; it is not a claim that the substance does not exist elsewhere.

Retrieved from NIH PubChem on 2026-08-31 by checksum-valid CAS matching. Chemical properties do not replace the regulatory decision on this page.

Official source and provenance

Registered source
China NMPA banned raw-material catalogues (2021)
Source reference
NMPA 2021 Catalogue of Raw Materials Banned for Cosmetics, entry 881
Source record ID
chemical-881
Source version
NMPA Announcement No. 74 of 2021, effective 2021-05-26
Source language
Chinese with source English/Latin identity
Translation status
Official English translation · English translation
Effective date
2021-05-26
Source updated
2021-05-26
Snapshot checked
2026-08-31 14:13 UTC
Validation method
pdfplumber tables; exact 1,284 + 109 row counts and contiguous source numbering
SHA-256
8848aa3e0c7ac5e74f56fc27927336c4fc2e5bc80137da087c2ca9ba2d2c075e

Registered dataset notes

Dataset coverage
All 1,284 banned raw materials and 109 banned plant/animal raw materials effective from 26 May 2021
Authority note
Binding NMPA catalogues replacing Tables 1 and 2 of the 2015 Technical Specification
Inspect the exact official sourceRegulator guidance

How this record fits the market dataset

1393
current China records
1393
records marked Prohibited
1393
records from this source version
1249
market records with CAS identity

Status distribution

Prohibited: 1393

Condition text is present on 1393 of 1393 current records. An empty condition field is interpreted according to the record type above; it is never converted into an unrestricted-use claim.

China market context

Complete prohibited catalogues plus official-source workflow

Coverage version: NMPA 2021 banned catalogues plus dynamic IECIC List I/List II system current since 2025

All 1,284 banned raw materials and 109 banned plant/animal raw materials, plus the official workflow for the dynamic existing-ingredient inventory, other technical restrictions and new ingredients.

Verification checklist

  1. Search the current NMPA IECIC List I and List II by Chinese name and identity.
  2. Check prohibited/restricted and positive lists in the current Safety and Technical Standards.
  3. Review technical purpose, use history and any monitoring period.
  4. Confirm Chinese labelling, safety assessment and filing/registration duties.

Official market sources

Verification workflow and record completeness

Before using this result in a compliance decision

  1. Confirm that “丙二腈 — Malononitrile （CAS No. 109-77-3）” and every CAS/EC identifier refer to the material in your supplier specification.
  2. Search the current NMPA IECIC List I and List II by Chinese name and identity.
  3. Check prohibited/restricted and positive lists in the current Safety and Technical Standards.
  4. Review technical purpose, use history and any monitoring period.
  5. Confirm Chinese labelling, safety assessment and filing/registration duties.
  6. Document the source version and recheck the regulator before manufacture, notification or market placement.

Fields available in this record

  • Official substance nameAvailable
  • CASAvailable
  • ECNot supplied
  • Separate condition textAvailable
  • Effective dateAvailable
  • Snapshot hash and methodAvailable

Questions this page answers

This official record identifies the substance as prohibited for cosmetic use in the stated market scope. Do not rely on a formulation containing this identity until the cited source, effective date and exact substance match have been verified.

A prohibition entry may contain no separate condition text because the regulatory outcome is the prohibition itself. IECIC listing is not blanket approval; absence may require the new cosmetic ingredient route, and restrictions are checked separately.

The record cites NMPA 2021 Catalogue of Raw Materials Banned for Cosmetics, entry 881, source version NMPA Announcement No. 74 of 2021, effective 2021-05-26. Open the official source.

No. CAS helps resolve identity, but jurisdictions can classify the same substance differently and can apply different product scopes, limits, warnings and transition dates.

Stable citation

丙二腈 — Malononitrile （CAS No. 109-77-3）. NMPA 2021 Catalogue of Raw Materials Banned for Cosmetics, entry 881. China. Source version NMPA Announcement No. 74 of 2021, effective 2021-05-26. CosIng Checker regulatory record: https://cosingchecker.com/regulations/cn/records/12570/

Cite the regulator as the legal authority. This page is a structured evidence index and verification aid, not a substitute for the official text or professional legal assessment.

Interpretation and limits for China

This official record identifies the substance as prohibited for cosmetic use in the stated market scope.

Do not rely on a formulation containing this identity until the cited source, effective date and exact substance match have been verified.

How to interpret the legal role

The cited row forms part of a binding rule or legally incorporated list for this market.

Evidence on this page

  • Recorded outcome: Prohibited
  • Legal role: Binding rule
  • Source version: NMPA Announcement No. 74 of 2021, effective 2021-05-26
  • Effective date: 2021-05-26

What it does not prove

IECIC listing is not blanket approval; absence may require the new cosmetic ingredient route, and restrictions are checked separately.

Further authoritative substance research

These sources can add identity, safety, exposure or hazard context. A link is not evidence that the database contains this exact substance, and none of these sources overrides the market decision above.

Cosmetic Ingredient Review safety assessments

Expert Panel conclusions, assessed ingredient groups, use conditions, dates and report documents

Independent expert review considered by FDA; not a government approval or binding market rule

Research this identity at the source

FDA Global Substance Registration System

UNII identifiers, preferred names, substance types, codes and public substance relationships

Identity registry only; UNII availability does not imply FDA review or approval

Research this identity at the source

ILO/WHO International Chemical Safety Cards

Hazards, symptoms, first aid, storage, incompatibilities and physical properties for covered chemicals

International occupational chemical-safety reference; not cosmetic-use approval

Research this identity at the source

Japan NITE-CHRIP

Chemical identity, Japanese and foreign legal lists, GHS hazards and exposure-related information

Chemical-management evidence; cosmetic status remains governed by the applicable MHLW standard and market rules

Research this identity at the source

NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards

REL, PEL, IDLH, properties, exposure routes, symptoms, target organs, first aid and measurement methods for covered workplace chemicals

US occupational-health guidance and limits; not a cosmetic ingredient decision

Research this identity at the source

OECD eChemPortal

Gateway to authority-owned physical-property, fate, ecotoxicity, toxicity, exposure and GHS records

Discovery gateway; each linked authority remains responsible for its data

Research this identity at the source

US EPA CompTox CTX APIs

API key required for import

DTXSID identity, experimental and predicted properties, toxicity, bioactivity, exposure and environmental data

Scientific and computational evidence; predictions must remain labelled and do not determine cosmetic legality

Research this identity at the source