Isoamyl Alcohol
- IUPAC name
- 3-methylbutan-1-ol
- Molecular formula
- C5H12O
- Molecular weight
- 88.15 g/mol
- Exact mass
- 88.088815002 Da
- XLogP3
- 1.2
- Topological polar surface area
- 20.2 Ų
- Hydrogen-bond donors
- 1
- Hydrogen-bond acceptors
- 1
- Covalent units
- 1
- Defined stereocentres
- 0
Also known as
16 more reported names
External database identifiers
- ChEBI:CHEBI:15837
- ChEMBL:CHEMBL372396
- EPA DTXSID:DTXSID3025469
- PubMed:23107675
- PubMed:23043843
- PubMed:23038161
- PubMed:22980851
- PubMed:22970999
- PubMed:22909118
- PubMed:22908416
- PubMed:22864971
- PubMed:22749163
- PubMed:22745502
- PubMed:22701113
- PubMed:22679480
Evidence from additional scientific databases
NIH PubChem PUG-View
Attributed physical-property, hazard, environmental and use annotations.
- Autoignition Temperature: 662 °F (USCG, 1999) Source: CAMEO Chemicals
- Autoignition Temperature: 662 °F Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Autoignition Temperature: 340 °C Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
- Boiling Point: 270 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999) Source: CAMEO Chemicals
- Boiling Point: 132.5 °C Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Boiling Point: 131.00 to 133.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg Source: Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
- Boiling Point: 132 °C Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
- Boiling Point: 130 °C Source: Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)
- Boiling Point: 270 °F Source: Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
- Boiling Point: 131.1 °C @760 [mm Hg] Source: PAC Chemical Database, U.S. Department of Energy
- Boiling Point: 270 °F Source: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
- Color/Form: OILY, CLEAR LIQ Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Color/Form: Colorless liquid. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Density: 0.81 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float Source: CAMEO Chemicals
- Density: 0.813 @ 15 °C/4 °C Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Density: Relative density (water = 1): 0.8 Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
- Density: 0.807 - 0.813 Source: Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)
- Density: 0.81 at 68 °F Source: Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
- Density: 0.8104 @ 20°C Source: PAC Chemical Database, U.S. Department of Energy
- Density: (57 °F): 0.81 Source: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
- Flash Point: 114 °F (USCG, 1999) Source: CAMEO Chemicals
- Flash Point: 43 °C Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
- Flash Point: 109 °F (43 °C) (Closed cup) Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Flash Point: 42 °C c.c. Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
- Flash Point: 114 °F Source: Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
- Flash Point: 109 °F Source: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
- LogP: log Kow= 1.16 Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- LogP: 1.16 Source: Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
- LogP: 1.28 Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
- Melting Point: -179 °F (NIOSH, 2024) Source: CAMEO Chemicals
- Melting Point: -117.2 °C Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Melting Point: -117.2 °C Source: Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
- Melting Point: -117 °C Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
- Melting Point: -179 °F Source: Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
- Melting Point: -117.2 °C Source: PAC Chemical Database, U.S. Department of Energy
- Melting Point: -179 °F Source: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
- Odor: CHARACTERISTIC, DISAGREEABLE ODOR Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Odor: Disagreeable odor. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Physical Description: Isoamyl alcohol is a colorless liquid with a mild, choking alcohol odor. Less dense than water, soluble in water. Hence floats on water. Produces an irritating vapor. (USCG, 1999) Source: CAMEO Chemicals
- Physical Description: Dry Powder; Liquid Source: EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
- Physical Description: Colorless liquid with a disagreeable odor; [NIOSH] Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
- Physical Description: Liquid Source: Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
- Physical Description: COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR. Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
- Physical Description: Colourless to pale yellow liquid Source: Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)
- Physical Description: Colorless liquid with a disagreeable odor. Source: Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
- Physical Description: Colorless liquid with a disagreeable odor. Source: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
- Refractive Index: INDEX OF REFRACTION: 1.4075 @ 20 °C/D Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Refractive Index: 1.405 - 1.410 Source: Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)
- Solubility: 2 % at 57 °F (NIOSH, 2024) Source: CAMEO Chemicals
- Solubility: MISCIBLE WITH ALC, ETHER, BENZENE, CHLOROFORM, PETROLEUM ETHER, GLACIAL ACETIC ACID, OILS Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Solubility: VERY SOL IN ACETONE Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Solubility: Water solubility = 2.67X10+4 mg/l @ 25 °C Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Solubility: 26.7 mg/mL at 25 °C Source: Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
- Solubility: Solubility in water, g/100ml: 2.5 (moderate) Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
- Solubility: Soluble in ethanol, water and most organic solvents Source: Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)
- Solubility: (in ethanol) Source: Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)
- Solubility: (57 °F): 2% Source: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
- Vapor Pressure: 28 mmHg (NIOSH, 2024) Source: CAMEO Chemicals
- Vapor Pressure: 2.37 [mmHg] Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
- Vapor Pressure: 2.37 mm Hg @ 25 °C Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Vapor Pressure: Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 0.4 Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
- Vapor Pressure: 28 mmHg Source: Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
- Vapor Pressure: 0.75 [mm Hg] @13 °C Source: PAC Chemical Database, U.S. Department of Energy
- Vapor Pressure: 28 mmHg Source: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
- Viscosity: 3.738 cP @ 25 °C Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Viscosity: 4.67 mm²/s at 25 °C Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
- Exposure Routes: The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion. Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
- Exposure Routes: inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact Source: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
- First Aid: Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Isoamyl alcohol (primary):; Eye: IRRIGATE IMMEDIATELY - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.; Skin: WATER FLUSH PROMPTLY - If this chemical contacts the skin, flush the contaminated skin with water promptly. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water promptly. If irritation persists after washing, get medical attention.; Breathing: RESPIRATORY SUPPORT - If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform artificial respiration. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible.; Swallow: MEDICAL ATTENTION IMMEDIATELY - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 2024) Source: CAMEO Chemicals
- First Aid: (General first aid procedures); Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.; Skin: Water flush promptly - If this chemical contacts the skin, flush the contaminated skin with water promptly. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water promptly. If irritation persists after washing, get medical attention.; Breathing: Respiratory support; Swallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. Source: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
- Signal: Danger Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
- GHS Hazard Statements: H226 (99.2%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]; H302 (17.7%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]; H315 (69.5%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]; H318 (10.3%): Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H319 (70.4%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H332 (80.5%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]; H335 (82.6%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation] Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
- Precautionary Statement Codes: P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P305+P354+P338, P317, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
- ECHA C&L Notifications Summary: Aggregated GHS information provided per 2589 reports by companies from 47 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.; Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website. Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
- Signal: Warning Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
- GHS Hazard Statements: H226 (52.2%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]; H315 (47.8%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]; H319 (47.8%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H332 (100%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]; H335 (100%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation] Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
- Precautionary Statement Codes: P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P317, P319, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
- ECHA C&L Notifications Summary: Aggregated GHS information provided per 115 reports by companies from 4 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.; Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website. Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
- Signal: Danger Source: NITE-CMC
- GHS Hazard Statements: H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]; H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]; H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]; H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects] Source: NITE-CMC
- Precautionary Statement Codes: P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P317, P319, P330, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: NITE-CMC
- GHS Hazard Statements: H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]; H303: May be harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]; H313: May be harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]; H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]; H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]; H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure] Source: NITE-CMC
- NFPA Health Rating: 1 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause significant irritation. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- NFPA Fire Rating: 2 - Materials that must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperatures before ignition can occur. Materials would not under normal conditions form hazardous atmospheres with air, but under high ambient temperatures or under moderate heating could release vapor in sufficient quantities to produce hazardous atmospheres with air. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- NFPA Instability Rating: 0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Target Organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system Source: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
- Environmental Bioconcentration: The BCF for isopentanol estimated from isopentanol's octanol/water partition coefficient, log 1.42(1), using a recommended regression equation is 7(2). Such a low BCF would indicate that isopentanol would not bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Environmental Fate: TERRESTRIAL FATE: In view of isopentanol's relatively high vapor pressure, 2.37 mm Hg at 25 °C(1), moderate Henry's Law constant, 1.41X10-5 atm-cu m/mol(2), and low adsorptivity to soil, isopentanol would be expected to volatilize from dry and moist soil(SRC). It is highly mobile in soil and should leach. Isopentanol is readily biodegraded in screening tests as well as in water grab sample tests and therefore would be expected to biodegrade in soil. (SRC) Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Environmental Fate: AQUATIC FATE: If released in water, isopentanol will be lost by volatilization. The volatilization half-life of isopentanol from a model river estimated from its Henry's Law constant, 1.41X10-5 atm-cu m/mol(1), is 2.55 days(2). It should also biodegrade. The half-life of isopentanol in groundwater, river water and Lake Superior harbor water in Minnesota were 15, 11, and 6.1 days, respectively(3). Isopentanol would not be expected to adsorb to sediment or bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Environmental Fate: ATMOSPHERIC FATE: Isopentanol will react with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals in the atmosphere. The rate constant estimated for this reaction is 7.8X10-12 cu cm/molec-sec(1). Assuming a hydroxyl radical concn of 5X10+5 radicals/cu cm, the half-life of isopentanol in the atmosphere will be 2.0 days(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Industry Uses: Solvent; Flotation agent Source: EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
- Sources/Uses: Used as a solvent, paint stripper, and intermediate in the photographic and pharmaceutical industries; [ACGIH] Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
- Industrial Processes with risk of exposure: Painting (Solvents) [Category: Paint]; Photographic Processing [Category: Other] Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
- Uses: SYNTHETIC FLAVOR; INTERMEDIATE IN PREPN OF PHARMACEUTICALS; FOR ISOAMYL ACETATE AND OTHER ESTERS; FOR DITHIOPHOSPHATE ESTERS (LUBRICATING OIL ADDITIVE AND HYDRAULIC FLUID ADDITIVE) Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Uses: SOLVENT FOR FATS, RESINS, ALKALOIDS, ETC; MFR ISOAMYL (AMYL) COMPD, ISOVALERIC ACID, MERCURY FULMINATE; MFR PYROXYLIN, ARTIFICIAL SILK, LACQUERS, SMOKELESS POWDERS; IN MICROSCOPY; FOR DEHYDRATING CELLOIDIN SOLN; FOR DETERMINING FAT IN MILK Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Uses: REPORTED USES: NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES 17 PPM, ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES 100 PPM, ICE CREAM, ICES, ETC 7.6 PPM, CANDY 52 PPM, BAKED GOODS 24 PPM, GELATINS & PUDDINGS 46 PPM, CHEWING GUM 300 PPM. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Mapped by: Existing checksum-valid CAS to unique PubChem CID match. Retrieved: 2026-08-31. Open source record
Scientific classifications and hazard annotations provide context and do not replace the market-specific regulatory decision shown above.
Additional source coverage and match status
| Source | Result | Checked |
|---|---|---|
| NIH PubChem PUG-View | Exact match | 2026-08-31 |
A recorded no-match is useful evidence that the source was checked; it is not a claim that the substance does not exist elsewhere.
Retrieved from NIH PubChem on 2026-08-31 by checksum-valid CAS matching. Chemical properties do not replace the regulatory decision on this page.