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1,2-Epoxybutane

Canada Hotlist: 1,2-Epoxybutane

Health Canada lists this ingredient as prohibited for use in cosmetic products.

All Canada recordsCompare all marketsOpen official source

Regulatory decision and full conditions

Status
Prohibited
Legal role
Official guidance
Regulatory summary
Health Canada lists this ingredient as prohibited for use in cosmetic products.
Conditions and restrictions
A prohibition entry may contain no separate condition text because the regulatory outcome is the prohibition itself. Open the cited source and apply the market-wide requirements below.

Substance identity

Official source name
1,2-Epoxybutane
CAS
106-88-7
EC
Not supplied in this source row
Identity mapping
standalone:cas_number
Search this identity across the siteCAS 106-88-7

Cross-market snapshot for this identity

Exact linked records currently present in this site. An absent market means no imported exact match, not permission to use the substance.

10 market datasets
PubChem 2D chemical structure for CAS 106-88-7
CAS 106-88-7PubChem CID 7834

Verified chemistry for CAS 106-88-7

1,2-Epoxybutane

1,2-Epoxybutane is an epoxide. — ChEBI

IUPAC name
2-ethyloxirane
Molecular formula
C4H8O
Molecular weight
72.11 g/mol
Exact mass
72.057514874 Da
Monoisotopic mass
72.057514874 Da
XLogP3
0.8
Topological polar surface area
12.5 Ų
Molecular complexity
34.0
Formal charge
0
Hydrogen-bond donors
0
Hydrogen-bond acceptors
1
Rotatable bonds
1
Heavy atoms
5
Covalent units
1

Names and synonyms reported to PubChem

1,2-Butylene oxideEthyloxiraneOxirane, ethyl-Ethylethylene oxide1,2-Butene oxide1-BUTENE OXIDE1-Butylene oxide1,2-Monoepoxybutane
16 more reported names
Ethylene oxide, ethyl-Butane, 1,2-epoxy-alpha-Butylene oxideDL-1,2-Epoxybutanen-Butene-1,2-oxideEthyl ethylene oxideNCI-C55527(+-)-2-Ethyloxirane(+-)-EthyloxiraneFR67H5388ONSC-24240BUTENE 1,2-EPOXIDE1,2-BUTYLENE EPOXIDERefChem:72057203-438-2Epoxybutane
Open full PubChem recordSafety and hazards at PubChemPubChem annotationsChemical classifications3D structure image
External database identifiers
Advanced structure statistics
Defined atom stereocentres
0
Undefined atom stereocentres
1
Defined bond stereocentres
0
Undefined bond stereocentres
0
3D pharmacophore features
2
3D rings
0
3D hydrophobes
1
3D acceptor features
1
3D donor features
0
3D anionic centres
0
3D cationic centres
0
3D conformers
4
Effective 3D rotors
1.6
Machine-readable structure identifiers
SMILES
CCC1CO1
InChI
InChI=1S/C4H8O/c1-2-4-3-5-4/h4H,2-3H2,1H3
InChIKey
RBACIKXCRWGCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Evidence from additional scientific databases

EMBL-EBI ChEBI
Exact identifier matchCHEBI:82326

1,2-Epoxybutane

Formula
C4H8O
Average mass
72.107 g/mol
Monoisotopic mass
72.05751 Da
Formal charge
0
  • epoxide — is a (CHEBI:32955)
  • epoxide — is a (CHEBI:32955)
Additional curated names
1-Butene oxide
Cross-references from this source
  • CAS: 106-88-7 — KEGG COMPOUND
  • MANUAL_X_REF: C19237 — KEGG COMPOUND

Mapped by: Exact CAS cross-reference in the ChEBI compound record. Source updated: 2026-08-13. Retrieved: 2026-08-31. Open source record

NIH PubChem PUG-View
Exact identifier match7834

Attributed physical-property, hazard, environmental and use annotations.

  • Physical Description: 1,2-butylene oxide appears as a clear colorless volatile liquid with an ethereal odor. Flash point near 0 °F. Density about 6.9 lb / gal. Soluble in water. Boiling point near 140 °F. Flammable over a wide range of vapor-air concentrations. May polymerize with the evolution of heat and possible rupture of container if contaminated. Vapors irritate eyes, skin and respiratory system. Prolonged contact with skin may cause in delayed burns. Vapors are heavier than air. Used as an intermediate to make various polymers. Chemicals that polymerize are often stabilized by refrigeration. Source: CAMEO Chemicals
  • Physical Description: Liquid Source: EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
  • Physical Description: Colorless liquid with a characteristic odor; [ICSC] Colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor; May decompose on exposure to moisture; [MSDSonline] Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
  • Physical Description: COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR. Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
  • First Aid: EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.; SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas.; INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknow Source: CAMEO Chemicals
  • ERG2024, Guide 127P (1,2-Butylene oxide, stabilized): General First Aid:; · Call 911 or emergency medical service.; · Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.; · Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.; · Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.; · If victim is not breathing:; -- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.; -- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).; -- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.; · Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.; · For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.; · In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.; · For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.; · Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, Source: Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)
  • Signal: Danger Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]; H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]; H312: Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]; H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]; H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H332: Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]; H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]; H351: Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity] Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P317, P318, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • Note: This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for < 0.1% (1 of 1001) of reports. Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Signal: Danger Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H225 (> 99.9%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]; H302 (> 99.9%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]; H312 (> 99.9%): Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]; H315 (> 99.9%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]; H319 (> 99.9%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H332 (99.6%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]; H335 (> 99.9%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]; H351 (> 99.9%): Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]; H412 (47.1%): Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard] Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P317, P318, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • ECHA C&L Notifications Summary: Aggregated GHS information provided per 1001 reports by companies from 18 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.; Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 1 of 1001 reports by companies.; There are 17 notifications provided by 1000 of 1001 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).; Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website. Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Signal: Danger Source: NITE-CMC
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]; H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]; H312: Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]; H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]; H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H331: Toxic if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]; H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]; H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]; H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects [Warning Germ cell mutagenicity]; H351: Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]; H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure] Source: NITE-CMC
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P318, P319, P321, P330, P362+P364, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: NITE-CMC
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H402: Harmful to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard] Source: NITE-CMC
  • NFPA Health Rating: 3 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause serious or permanent injury. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • NFPA Fire Rating: 3 - Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Materials produce hazardous atmospheres with air under almost all ambient temperatures or, though unaffected by ambient temperatures, are readily ignited under almost all conditions. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • NFPA Instability Rating: 2 - Materials that readily undergo violent chemical changes at elevated temperatures and pressures. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • NFPA Specific Notice: W - No water: Materials that react violently or explosively with water. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Toxicity Summary: IDENTIFICATION AND USE: 1-Butene oxide is a colorless liquid with a pungent, disagreeable, sweetish odor, somewhat like butyric acid. It is used as an intermediate, for various polymers, a stabilizer for chlorinated solvents, and a corrosion inhibitor. 1-Butene oxide is also used as an acid scavenger for chlorine-containing materials such as trichloroethylene and to react with ammonia to produce alkanolamines. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: 1-Butene oxide is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). ANIMAL STUDIES: 1-Butene oxide was irritating to the eyes. Irritating effects to the skin were severe (corrosion) if evaporation was minimized due to occlusive application, but there was no effect by semi-occlusive application. It was not sensitizing in a guinea pig maximization test. In 90-day inhalation studies with rats and mice 1-butene oxide mainly caused nasal lesions. Systemic effects occurred at higher concentrations (rat 2400 mg/cu m: decreased mean body weight gain; mice 2400 mg/cu m: e.g. renal tubular necrosis). There is clear evidence for 1-butene oxide being a locally acting carcinogen in male rats (inhalation of 600 mg/cu m caused no tumors and 1,200 mg/cu m caused neopla Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Bioconcentration: An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for 1-butene oxide(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.68(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 10(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 1-butene oxide is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 1-butene oxide from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC), given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.70X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 170 mm Hg(3), and its water solubility, 95,500 mg/L(4). 1-Butene oxide is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure. A 100% of theoretical BOD using activated sludge in the Japanese MITI test(5) suggests that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC). Results of various biodegradation screening tests suggest that 1-butene oxide is readily biodegradable(3). 1-Butene oxide has an aqueous hydrolysis half-life of about 6.5 days at pH 7 and 25 °C(3,4); therefore, hydrolysis may be an important fate process in moist soils(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 10(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 1-butene oxide is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon a estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.7X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 170 mm Hg(4), and its water solubility, 95,500 mg/L(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(2), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 6.9 hours and 4.7 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow of 0.68(3) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). A 100% of theoretical BOD using activated sludge in the Japanese MITI test(6) suggests that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in water(SRC). Results of various biodegradation screening tests suggest that 1-butene oxide is readily biodegradable(3). The epoxides (such as butene oxide) degrade in water by hydrolysis and related ionic reactions to glyco Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1-butene oxide, which has a vapor pressure of 170 mm Hg at 24 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere(SRC). Vapor-phase 1-butene oxide is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is 8.4 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.91X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). Epoxides, such as 1-butene oxide, may be formed in the ambient atmosphere via reaction of alkenes with various atmospheric oxidants(4). 1-Butene oxide may react with tropospheric aerosols and water to yield 1,2-butanediol through hydrolysis, especially under acidic conditions(4). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

Mapped by: Existing checksum-valid CAS to unique PubChem CID match. Retrieved: 2026-08-31. Open source record

Scientific classifications and hazard annotations provide context and do not replace the market-specific regulatory decision shown above.

Additional source coverage and match status
SourceResultChecked
EMBL-EBI ChEBIExact match2026-08-31
NIH PubChem PUG-ViewExact match2026-08-31

A recorded no-match is useful evidence that the source was checked; it is not a claim that the substance does not exist elsewhere.

Retrieved from NIH PubChem on 2026-08-31 by checksum-valid CAS matching. Chemical properties do not replace the regulatory decision on this page.

Official source and provenance

Registered source
Health Canada Cosmetic Ingredient Hotlist
Source reference
Hotlist prohibited entry 1
Source record ID
prohibited:1
Source version
Health Canada Hotlist 2025-08-13
Source language
English
Translation status
Original is English
Source updated
2025-08-13
Snapshot checked
2026-08-30 04:07 UTC
Validation method
strict HTML tables t1=490 and t2=90
SHA-256
8b52ff573d08373ee90121f6a701b3607e4a3d6fc748a7d56171eb53510af91a

Registered dataset notes

Dataset coverage
Administrative prohibitions, restrictions, conditions and warning requirements
Authority note
Official Health Canada compliance indicator; not a complete safety clearance
Inspect the exact official sourceRegulator guidance

How this record fits the market dataset

580
current Canada records
490
records marked Prohibited
580
records from this source version
516
market records with CAS identity

Status distribution

Prohibited: 490Restricted: 90

Condition text is present on 172 of 580 current records. An empty condition field is interpreted according to the record type above; it is never converted into an unrestricted-use claim.

Canada market context

Complete Hotlist snapshot

Coverage version: Health Canada Cosmetic Ingredient Hotlist, 13 August 2025

All prohibited and restricted Hotlist entries, including conditions and warning requirements published in the official list.

Verification checklist

  1. Search English/French names and CAS identifiers.
  2. Apply every restriction, concentration and label warning.
  3. Check Food and Drugs Act/Cosmetic Regulations requirements.
  4. Recheck the current Hotlist before notification or sale.

Official market sources

Verification workflow and record completeness

Before using this result in a compliance decision

  1. Confirm that “1,2-Epoxybutane” and every CAS/EC identifier refer to the material in your supplier specification.
  2. Search English/French names and CAS identifiers.
  3. Apply every restriction, concentration and label warning.
  4. Check Food and Drugs Act/Cosmetic Regulations requirements.
  5. Recheck the current Hotlist before notification or sale.
  6. Document the source version and recheck the regulator before manufacture, notification or market placement.

Fields available in this record

  • Official substance nameAvailable
  • CASAvailable
  • ECNot supplied
  • Separate condition textNot present in source row
  • Effective dateNot supplied
  • Snapshot hash and methodAvailable

Questions this page answers

This official record identifies the substance as prohibited for cosmetic use in the stated market scope. Do not rely on a formulation containing this identity until the cited source, effective date and exact substance match have been verified.

A prohibition entry may contain no separate condition text because the regulatory outcome is the prohibition itself. The Hotlist is an administrative compliance tool, not an exhaustive safety approval list.

The record cites Hotlist prohibited entry 1, source version Health Canada Hotlist 2025-08-13. Open the official source.

No. CAS helps resolve identity, but jurisdictions can classify the same substance differently and can apply different product scopes, limits, warnings and transition dates.

Stable citation

1,2-Epoxybutane. Hotlist prohibited entry 1. Canada. Source version Health Canada Hotlist 2025-08-13. CosIng Checker regulatory record: https://cosingchecker.com/regulations/ca/records/1/

Cite the regulator as the legal authority. This page is a structured evidence index and verification aid, not a substitute for the official text or professional legal assessment.

Interpretation and limits for Canada

This official record identifies the substance as prohibited for cosmetic use in the stated market scope.

Do not rely on a formulation containing this identity until the cited source, effective date and exact substance match have been verified.

How to interpret the legal role

The authority uses this source as compliance guidance; the underlying legislation remains controlling.

Evidence on this page

  • Recorded outcome: Prohibited
  • Legal role: Official guidance
  • Source version: Health Canada Hotlist 2025-08-13

What it does not prove

The Hotlist is an administrative compliance tool, not an exhaustive safety approval list.

Further authoritative substance research

These sources can add identity, safety, exposure or hazard context. A link is not evidence that the database contains this exact substance, and none of these sources overrides the market decision above.

Cosmetic Ingredient Review safety assessments

Expert Panel conclusions, assessed ingredient groups, use conditions, dates and report documents

Independent expert review considered by FDA; not a government approval or binding market rule

Research this identity at the source

FDA Global Substance Registration System

UNII identifiers, preferred names, substance types, codes and public substance relationships

Identity registry only; UNII availability does not imply FDA review or approval

Research this identity at the source

ILO/WHO International Chemical Safety Cards

Hazards, symptoms, first aid, storage, incompatibilities and physical properties for covered chemicals

International occupational chemical-safety reference; not cosmetic-use approval

Research this identity at the source

Japan NITE-CHRIP

Chemical identity, Japanese and foreign legal lists, GHS hazards and exposure-related information

Chemical-management evidence; cosmetic status remains governed by the applicable MHLW standard and market rules

Research this identity at the source

NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards

REL, PEL, IDLH, properties, exposure routes, symptoms, target organs, first aid and measurement methods for covered workplace chemicals

US occupational-health guidance and limits; not a cosmetic ingredient decision

Research this identity at the source

OECD eChemPortal

Gateway to authority-owned physical-property, fate, ecotoxicity, toxicity, exposure and GHS records

Discovery gateway; each linked authority remains responsible for its data

Research this identity at the source

US EPA CompTox CTX APIs

API key required for import

DTXSID identity, experimental and predicted properties, toxicity, bioactivity, exposure and environmental data

Scientific and computational evidence; predictions must remain labelled and do not determine cosmetic legality

Research this identity at the source