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CAS 1300-21-6

CAS 1300-21-6 matches 0 EU annex records across Annex II–VI of Regulation 1223/2009.

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Chemical identity and properties

PubChem 2D chemical structure for CAS 1300-21-6
CAS 1300-21-6PubChem CID 6365

1,1-Dichloroethane

IUPAC name
1,1-dichloroethane
Molecular formula
C2H4Cl2
Molecular weight
98.96 g/mol
Exact mass
97.9690055 Da
XLogP3
1.9
Topological polar surface area
0.0 Ų
Hydrogen-bond donors
0
Hydrogen-bond acceptors
0
Covalent units
1
Defined stereocentres
0

Also known as

75-34-3Ethylidene chlorideEthane, 1,1-dichloro-Ethylidene dichloride1,1-DichlorethaneDichloromethylmethaneAethylidenchlorid1,1-Dicloroetano
16 more reported names
1,1-DichloraethanCloruro di etilidene1,1-Dichloorethaan1,1-Ethylidene dichlorideRCRA waste number U076Chlorure D'ethylideneNCI-C04535Dichloroethane, 1,1-alpha,alpha-Dichloroethane0S989LNA44Asymmetrical dichloroethaneRefChem:71043HCC 150A200-863-5DICHLOROETHANE1,1-Dichloroethane-d4
Open full PubChem recordPubChem annotations3D structure image
External database identifiers

Evidence from additional scientific databases

NIH PubChem PUG-View
Exact identifier match6365

Attributed physical-property, hazard, environmental and use annotations.

  • Substance: 1,1-Dichloroethane Source: NTP Technical Reports
  • NTP Technical Report: TR-066: Bioassay of 1,1-Dichloroethane for Possible Carcinogenicity (CASRN 75-34-3) (1978 ) Source: NTP Technical Reports
  • Peer Review Date: 01/18/78 Source: NTP Technical Reports
  • Conclusion for Male Rat: No Evidence Source: NTP Technical Reports
  • Conclusion for Female Rat: Equivocal Evidence Source: NTP Technical Reports
  • Conclusion for Male Mice: No Evidence Source: NTP Technical Reports
  • Conclusion for Female Mice: Equivocal Evidence Source: NTP Technical Reports
  • Summary: There were dose-related marginal increases in mammary adenocarcinomas and in hemangiosarcomas among female rats and there was a statistically significant increase in the incidence of endometrial stromal polyps among dosed female mice as compared to controls. These findings are indicative of the possible carcinogenic potential of the test compound. However, it must be recognized that under the conditions of this bioassay there was no conclusive evidence for the carcinogenicity of 1,1-dichloroethane in Osborne-Mendel rats or B6C3F1 mice. Source: NTP Technical Reports
  • Carcinogen Classification: No indication of carcinogenicity (not listed by IARC). (L135) Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
  • First Aid: EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.; SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.; INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) shou Source: CAMEO Chemicals
  • ERG2024, Guide 130 (1,1-Dichloroethane): General First Aid:; · Call 911 or emergency medical service.; · Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.; · Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.; · Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.; · If victim is not breathing:; -- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.; -- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).; -- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.; · Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.; · For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.; · In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.; · For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.; · Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, Source: Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)
  • First Aid: (General first aid procedures); Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.; Skin: Soap flush promptly - If this chemical contacts the skin, promptly flush the contaminated skin with soap and water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, promptly remove the clothing and flush the skin with water. If irritation persists after washing, get medical attention.; Breathing: Respiratory support; Swallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. Source: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
  • Signal: Danger Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]; H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]; H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]; H412: Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard] Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P330, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • Signal: Danger Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H225 (100%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]; H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]; H319 (100%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H332 (12%): Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]; H335 (100%): May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]; H412 (100%): Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard] Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P317, P319, P330, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • ECHA C&L Notifications Summary: Aggregated GHS information provided per 50 reports by companies from 9 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.; Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website. Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Signal: Danger Source: NITE-CMC
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]; H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]; H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H332: Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]; H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]; H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]; H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects [Warning Germ cell mutagenicity]; H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]; H402: Harmful to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]; H411: Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard] Source: NITE-CMC
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P317, P318, P319, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: NITE-CMC
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]; H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H333: May be harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]; H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]; H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]; H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]; H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure] Source: NITE-CMC
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P317, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P319, P321, P337+P317, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: NITE-CMC
  • Health Effects: 1,1-dichloroethane can cause kidney disease after long-term, high-level exposure in the air. It is also known to cause liver damage, as well as central nervous system depression. 1,1-Dichloroethane can cause dermatitis on prolonged dermal exposure. (L403, T65) Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
  • NFPA Health Rating: 1 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause significant irritation. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • NFPA Fire Rating: 3 - Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Materials produce hazardous atmospheres with air under almost all ambient temperatures or, though unaffected by ambient temperatures, are readily ignited under almost all conditions. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • NFPA Instability Rating: 0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Toxicity Summary: IDENTIFICATION AND USE: 1,1-Dichloroethane is a colorless, oily liquid. It is used as a chemical intermediate in the production of vinyl chloride and of 1,1,1-trichloroethane. It is also a grain fumigant and has limited use as a solvent for plastics, oils, fats, paint, and varnishes. 1,1-Dichloroethane is used in the manufacture of high vacuum rubber and silicone grease. The chemical can also be used as a coupling agent in antiknock gasoline, for metal degreasing, organic synthesis, and ore floatation. It was formerly used as an anesthetic but it is of no importance in this field today. HUMAN STUDIES: Symptoms of exposure to this compound may include liver and kidney damage, skin and eye irritation, dermatitis, skin burns, unconsciousness, CNS depression, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, faintness, irritation of the respiratory tract, salivation, sneezing, coughing, dizziness, lacrimation, reddening of the conjunctiva, cyanosis, and circulatory failure. ANIMAL STUDIES: No toxic effects were observed in rabbits dermally exposed to an upper limit dose of 2 mL 1,1-dichloroethane/kg bw for 24 hr during a 14-day observation period. In a study of acute toxicity to adult male rats, there was Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Toxicity Summary: IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Dichloroethane is most commonly used in the production of vinyl chloride monomer (1,2-dichloroethane). HUMAN STUDIES: Laboratory investigations were carried out on 280 workers exposed to vinyl chloride and dichloroethane. Some hematological indices and liver function were examined. A case of vinyl chloride disease was reported in which the combined effect of vinyl chloride and dichloroethane was apparent. The acute and subacute toxicity of dichloroethane increased when it was administered under conditions of high temperature. ANIMAL STUDIES: There are no data available. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Toxicity Summary: The limited information available about 1,1-dichloroethane suggests that it may be nephrotoxic, fetotoxic, and possibly carcinogenic. 1,1-Dichloroethane has been observed to enhance cell transformation and results suggest that 1,1-dichloroethane or a metabolite can bind to cellular macromolecules such as DNA. It had been reported that 1,1-dichloroethane binds to nucleic acids and proteins in vivo and in vitro. This binding is also mediated by the liver cytochrome-P-450 system. Phenobarbital enhances the extent of covalent macromolecular binding. Hence, metabolites of 1,1-dichloroethane bind to the DNA, RNA, and tissue proteins. (L403) Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
  • Environmental Bioconcentration: An estimated BCF of 7 was calculated in fish for 1,1-dichloroethane(SRC), using a log Kow of 1.79(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). All of the chloroethanes have an elimination half-life of < 2 days as measured by whole body levels in exposed bluegills(4). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: Aquatic and Atmospheric Fate: Chloroethanes are expected to be present in industrial air and water emissions. They volatilize rapidly from surface water and persist in urban atmospheres. Hydrolysis and biodegradation are expected to be slow. /Chloroethanes/ Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), measured Koc values of 30(2) and 9.2(3) indicate that 1,1-dichloroethane is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 1,1-dichloroethane from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 5.62X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(4). 1,1-Dichloroethane is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 227 mm Hg at 25 °C(5). The half-life of 1,1-dichloroethane under sulfate-reducing conditions was approximately 115 days using well monitoring data from a landfill with a contamination history(6), indicating that biodegradation is a slow environmental fate process in soil(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), measured Koc values of 30(2) and 9.2(3) indicate that 1,1-dichloroethane is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(4) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 5.62X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(4), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3 hrs and 4 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 7(SRC), from its log Kow of 1.79(7) and a regression-derived equation(8), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). The half-life of 1,1-dichloroethane under sulfate-reducing conditions was approximately 115 days using well monitoring data from a landfill with a contamination history(9), indicating that biodegradation is a slow environmental fate process in water(SRC). Hydrolysis is not expected to be an important environmental fate process(SRC) given a hydrolysis half-life of 61.3 years at 25 °C and pH 7(10). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1,1-dichloroethane, which has a vapor pressure of 227 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1,1-dichloroethane is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 59 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.74X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). 1,1-Dichloroethane does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: Ethylidene dichloride is primarily used as an intermediate in the manufacture of other chemicals such as vinyl chloride and 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and to manufacture high vacuum rubber. In the past, ethylidene dichloride was used as an anesthetic, but that use has been discontinued. Source: EPA Hazardous Air Pollutants
  • Sources/Uses: Used as a chemical intermediate, grain fumigant, and solvent for plastics and oils; in the past, used as an anesthetic; [ACGIH] Used as a cleaning agent, in metal degreasing, rubber cementing, in fabric spreading, ore flotation, fire extinguishing, as an insecticide spray, extraction solvent, coupling agent in antiknock gasoline, paint, varnish, and finish remover, and to make high vacuum rubber; [HSDB] Used as a reagent and solvent for paint and varnishes; [Merck Index] Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
  • Industrial Processes with risk of exposure: Metal Degreasing [Category: Clean]; Textiles (Fiber & Fabric Manufacturing) [Category: Industry]; Painting (Solvents) [Category: Paint]; Farming (Pesticides) [Category: Industry]; Metal Extraction and Refining [Category: Industry] Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
  • Uses: Reagent and chemical intermediate. Solvent for paint, varnishes; degreaser. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: 1,1-Dichlorethane is used as a chemical intermediate and grain fumigant /SRP: former use/ and has limited use as a solvent for plastics, oils, and fats. It was formerly used as an anesthetic but it is of no importance in this field today. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: Used in the manufacture of high vacuum rubber and silicone grease. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: ... primarily used as a feedstock for the production of 1,1,1-trichloroethane. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: For more Uses (Complete) data for 1,1-Dichloroethane (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: Most commonly used in the production of vinyl chloride monomer /1,2-dichloroethane/ Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: ... an intermediate in the production of 1,1,1-trichloroethane. Other uses negligable. /1,1-dichloroethane/ Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: 1,1-Dichloroethane is used primarily to make 1,1,1-trichloroethane and a number of other chemicals. It is also used to dissolve other substances such as paint, varnish and finish removers, and to remove grease. Exposure may results from breathing air containing vapors of 1,1-dichloroethane, drinking contaminated water, and through eye and skin contact. (L403) Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

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