
Heptanal
Heptanal is an n-alkanal resulting from the oxidation of the alcoholic hydroxy group of heptan-1-ol to the corresponding aldehyde. An endogenous aldehyde coming from membrane lipid oxidation, it is found in the blood of lung cancer patients and has been regarded as a potential biomarker of lung cancer. It has a role as a biomarker. It is a n-alkanal, a saturated fatty aldehyde and a medium-chain fatty aldehyde. — ChEBI
- IUPAC name
- heptanal
- Molecular formula
- C7H14O
- Molecular weight
- 114.19 g/mol
- Exact mass
- 114.104465066 Da
- XLogP3
- 2.3
- Topological polar surface area
- 17.1 Ų
- Hydrogen-bond donors
- 0
- Hydrogen-bond acceptors
- 1
- Covalent units
- 1
- Defined stereocentres
- 0
Also known as
16 more reported names
External database identifiers
- ChEBI:CHEBI:34787
- ChEMBL:CHEMBL18104
- EPA DTXSID:DTXSID0021597
- PubMed:30002397
- PubMed:25014914
- PubMed:23017416
- PubMed:22970999
- PubMed:22947199
- PubMed:22925715
- PubMed:22888540
- PubMed:22888528
- PubMed:22860577
- PubMed:22804575
- PubMed:22732233
- PubMed:22612922
Evidence from additional scientific databases
NIH PubChem PUG-View
Attributed physical-property, hazard, environmental and use annotations.
- Autoignition Temperature: Autoflammability: 250 °C at 1013 hPa Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Boiling Point: 307 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992) Source: CAMEO Chemicals
- Boiling Point: 152.8 °C Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Boiling Point: 152.00 to 153.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg Source: Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
- Boiling Point: 153 °C Source: Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)
- Color/Form: Oily colorless liquid Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Density: 0.8495 at 68 °F (NTP, 1992) - Less dense than water; will float Source: CAMEO Chemicals
- Density: 0.82162 g/cu cm at 25 °C Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Density: 0.814-0.819 Source: Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)
- Flash Point: 95 °F (NTP, 1992) Source: CAMEO Chemicals
- Flash Point: 48 °C (closed cup) Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Melting Point: -45 °F (NTP, 1992) Source: CAMEO Chemicals
- Melting Point: -43.3 °C Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Melting Point: Heat of fusion = 2.3585X10+7 J/kmol at melting point Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Melting Point: -43.3 °C Source: Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
- Odor: FATTY, PUNGENT ODOR Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Odor: Penetrating fruity odor Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Physical Description: N-heptaldehyde appears as a colorless, oily liquid with a penetrating fruity odor. Insoluble in water and less dense than water. Hence floats on water. Used to make perfumes and pharmaceuticals. Source: CAMEO Chemicals
- Physical Description: Liquid Source: EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
- Physical Description: Colorless liquid with a strong fruity odor; Hygroscopic; [Hawley] Clear faintly yellow-green liquid; [MSDSonline] Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
- Physical Description: Liquid Source: Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
- Physical Description: colourless to slightly yellow liquid/penetrating, oily odour Source: Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)
- Refractive Index: Index of refraction 1.4113 at 20 C/D Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Refractive Index: 1.412-1.420 Source: Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)
- Solubility: less than 1 mg/mL at 70 °F (NTP, 1992) Source: CAMEO Chemicals
- Solubility: Miscible with alcohol, ether. Soluble in 3 volumes of 60% alcohol. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Solubility: 1:12 IN 50% ALC, 1:4 IN 60% ALC, 1:2 IN 70% ALC Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Solubility: Slightly soluble in carbon tetrachloride; miscible with ethanol, ethyl ether Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Solubility: In water, 1,250 mg/L at 25 °C Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Solubility: 1.25 mg/mL at 25 °C Source: Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
- Solubility: slightly soluble in water; miscible with alcohol, ether, fixed oils Source: Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)
- Solubility: 1 ml in 2 ml 70% alcohol (in ethanol) Source: Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA)
- Vapor Pressure: 3 mmHg at 77 °F ; 5 mmHg at 90.9 °F (NTP, 1992) Source: CAMEO Chemicals
- Vapor Pressure: 3.52 [mmHg] Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
- Vapor Pressure: 3.52 mm Hg at 25 °C Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Viscosity: 0.977 cP at 15 °C; 0.791 cP at 30 °C Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Carcinogen Classification: No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
- Exposure Routes: Endogenous, Ingestion, Dermal (contact) Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
- First Aid: EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.; SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.; INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) shou Source: CAMEO Chemicals
- ERG2024, Guide 129 (n-Heptaldehyde): General First Aid:; · Call 911 or emergency medical service.; · Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.; · Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.; · Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.; · If victim is not breathing:; -- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.; -- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).; -- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.; · Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.; · For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.; · In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.; · For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.; · Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, Source: Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)
- Signal: Warning Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
- GHS Hazard Statements: H226 (100%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]; H315 (99.8%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]; H319 (91.8%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation] Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
- Precautionary Statement Codes: P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P264, P264+P265, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P305+P351+P338, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P235, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
- ECHA C&L Notifications Summary: Aggregated GHS information provided per 1692 reports by companies from 8 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.; Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website. Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
- Signal: Warning Source: NITE-CMC
- GHS Hazard Statements: H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]; H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]; H320: Causes eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation] Source: NITE-CMC
- Precautionary Statement Codes: P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: NITE-CMC
- Health Effects: Chronic exposure to uremic toxins can lead to a number of conditions including renal damage, chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
- Toxicity Summary: Uremic toxins such as heptanal are actively transported into the kidneys via organic ion transporters (especially OAT3). Increased levels of uremic toxins can stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species. This seems to be mediated by the direct binding or inhibition by uremic toxins of the enzyme NADPH oxidase (especially NOX4 which is abundant in the kidneys and heart) (A7868). Reactive oxygen species can induce several different DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) which are involved in the silencing of a protein known as KLOTHO. KLOTHO has been identified as having important roles in anti-aging, mineral metabolism, and vitamin D metabolism. A number of studies have indicated that KLOTHO mRNA and protein levels are reduced during acute or chronic kidney diseases in response to high local levels of reactive oxygen species (A7869). Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
- Environmental Bioconcentration: An estimated BCF of 11 was calculated in fish for n-heptanal(SRC), using a water solubility of 1,250 mg/L(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Environmental Fate: TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 86(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 1250 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that n-heptanal is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of n-heptanal from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 2.7X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(4). n-Heptanal is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 3.52 mm Hg(5). A theoretical BOD of 14.7% in 1 day using an activated sludge(6) indicates that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Environmental Fate: AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 86(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 1,250 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that n-heptanal is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 2.7X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 7 hrs and 5 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 11(SRC), from its water solubility(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). In a groundwater recharge project, CA, 70% of theoretical COD of n-heptanal was removed(6), indicating that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in water(SRC). n-Heptanal is easily oxidized(7) and may be oxidized by oxygen and other oxidants present in natural water(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Environmental Fate: ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), n-heptanal, which has a vapor pressure of 3.52 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase n-heptanal is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 13 hrs(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 3.0X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). n-Heptanal contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Consumer Uses: Fragrance Source: EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
- Industry Uses: Intermediate Source: EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
- Sources/Uses: A plant volatile found in various essential oils, fruits, and other natural sources; Used in flavors and fragrances and to make other chemicals; [HSDB] Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
- Uses: Manufacture of 1-heptanol; ethyl oenanthate Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Uses: Manufacture of 1-heptanol, organic synthesis, perfumery, pharmaceuticals, flavoring Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Uses: Reported uses (ppm): (FEMA, 2005); Table: Reported uses (ppm): (FEMA, 2005) [Table#5633] Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Uses: CHEM INT FOR HEPTANOIC ACID AND 1-HEPTANOL Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Uses: For more Uses (Complete) data for N-HEPTANAL (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
- Uses: Naturally produced by the body (endogenous). Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
Mapped by: Existing checksum-valid CAS to unique PubChem CID match. Retrieved: 2026-08-31. Open source record
Scientific classifications and hazard annotations provide context and do not replace the market-specific regulatory decision shown above.
Additional source coverage and match status
| Source | Result | Checked |
|---|---|---|
| NIH PubChem PUG-View | Exact match | 2026-08-31 |
A recorded no-match is useful evidence that the source was checked; it is not a claim that the substance does not exist elsewhere.
Retrieved from NIH PubChem on 2026-08-31 by checksum-valid CAS matching. Chemical properties do not replace the regulatory decision on this page.