Skip to main content
CosIng Checker
CosIng Checker
EU cosmetic ingredients, restrictions and safety
Login
CAS 1 record

CAS 111-44-4

CAS 111-44-4 matches 1 EU annex record across Annex II–VI of Regulation 1223/2009.

Check this CAS numberBrowse annexes

Chemical identity and properties

PubChem 2D chemical structure for CAS 111-44-4
CAS 111-44-4PubChem CID 8115

Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether

Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether is an ether. — ChEBI

IUPAC name
1-chloro-2-(2-chloroethoxy)ethane
Molecular formula
C4H8Cl2O
Molecular weight
143.01 g/mol
Exact mass
141.9952203 Da
XLogP3
1.3
Topological polar surface area
9.2 Ų
Hydrogen-bond donors
0
Hydrogen-bond acceptors
1
Covalent units
1
Defined stereocentres
0

Also known as

2,2'-Dichlorodiethyl ether2-Chloroethyl etherBis(2-chloroethyl)etherChlorexDCEEChloroethyl etherDichloroetherClorex
16 more reported names
Dichloroethyl etherBCEEDichloroethyl oxidesym-Dichloroethyl etherEther dichlore1,5-Dichloro-3-oxapentane2,2'-Dichlorethyl ether2,2'-Dichloroethyl etherDi(2-chloroethyl) etherOxyde de chlorethyleBis(chloro-2-ethyl) oxideEther, bis(2-chloroethyl)Dwuchlorodwuetylowy eter2,2'-Dicloroetiletere2,2'-DichloorethyletherRcra waste number U025
Open full PubChem recordPubChem annotations3D structure image
External database identifiers

Evidence from additional scientific databases

NIH PubChem PUG-View
Exact identifier match8115

Attributed physical-property, hazard, environmental and use annotations.

  • First Aid: Signs and Symptoms of Dichloroethyl Ether Exposure: Acute exposure to dichloroethyl ether may produce the following signs and symptoms: irritation of the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes, profuse tearing, coughing, retching, and vomiting. Contact with skin and eyes may cause burns. Respiratory signs may include irritation of the respiratory tract, which may progress to pulmonary edema.; Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to dichloroethyl ether may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.; Inhalation Exposure:; 1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to dichloroethyl ether.; 2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidi Source: CAMEO Chemicals
  • ERG2024, Guide 152 (Dichloroethyl ether): General First Aid:; · Call 911 or emergency medical service.; · Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.; · Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.; · Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.; · If victim is not breathing:; -- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.; -- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).; -- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.; · Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.; · For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.; · In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.; · For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.; · Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, Source: Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)
  • ERG2024, Guide 152 (2,2'-Dichlorodiethyl ether): General First Aid:; · Call 911 or emergency medical service.; · Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination.; · Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely.; · Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.; · If victim is not breathing:; -- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance.; -- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).; -- If no pulse detected or no respiratory medical device available, provide continuous compressions. Conduct a pulse check every two minutes or monitor for any signs of spontaneous respirations.; · Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.; · For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.; · In case of contact with substance, remove immediately by flushing skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.; · For severe burns, immediate medical attention is required.; · Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, Source: Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)
  • First Aid: (General first aid procedures); Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.; Skin: Soap wash - If this chemical contacts the skin, wash the contaminated skin with soap and water.; Breathing: Respiratory support; Swallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. Source: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
  • Signal: Danger Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H300: Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]; H310: Fatal in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]; H330: Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]; H351: Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity] Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P203, P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P316, P318, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • Signal: Danger Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H226 (21.3%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]; H300+H310+H330 (25.6%): Fatal if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, dermal; acute toxicity, inhalation]; H300 (100%): Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]; H310 (100%): Fatal in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]; H330 (100%): Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]; H351 (100%): Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity] Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P316, P318, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • ECHA C&L Notifications Summary: Aggregated GHS information provided per 258 reports by companies from 7 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.; Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website. Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Signal: Danger Source: NITE-CMC
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]; H310: Fatal in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal] Source: NITE-CMC
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P262, P264, P270, P280, P301+P316, P302+P352, P316, P321, P330, P361+P364, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: NITE-CMC
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H226: Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]; H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]; H311: Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]; H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]; H320: Causes eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H330: Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation]; H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Narcotic effects]; H351: Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]; H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure] Source: NITE-CMC
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P203, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P316, P316, P318, P319, P320, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P361+P364, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: NITE-CMC
  • Health Effects: The principal acute effect of inhalation exposure to BCEE vapor is irritation and injury to the cells of the respiratory epithelium. BCEE vapors can cause loss of weight, nose irritation, severe injury to the lungs, and may lead to death. It might also cause cancer. (L183) Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
  • NFPA Health Rating: 2 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause temporary incapacitation or residual injury. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • NFPA Fire Rating: 2 - Materials that must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperatures before ignition can occur. Materials would not under normal conditions form hazardous atmospheres with air, but under high ambient temperatures or under moderate heating could release vapor in sufficient quantities to produce hazardous atmospheres with air. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • NFPA Instability Rating: 0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Toxicity Summary: Quantitative information on the kinetics and metabolism of BCEE /bis(2-chloroethyl) ether/... in humans is not available. ... Limited data show that radioactive BCEE administered to rats by inhalation or gavage is rapidly absorbed. ... BCEE is readily metabolized in rats. The principal metabolite is thiodiglycolic acid ... BCEE is eliminated quickly in both rats and rhesus monkeys. ... BCEE is acutely toxic by the oral, inhalation or dermal routes of exposure. ... Exposure of laboratory animals by inhalation to high single concentrations ... resulted in eye irritation as well as congestion, edema, and hemorrhage in the lungs. ... In general, positive results were obtained when ... tested for mutagenicity in vitro. ... /In one study/ there was a significant increase in the incidence of hepatomas (combined benign hepatomas and malignant tumors) compared to unexposed controls. ... Other limited studies in rats and mice using oral gavage, subcutaneous or intraperitoneal injection and skin painting failed to confirm these findings. ... BCEE was found to be irritating to the eyes and nasal passages of humans ... following short term exposure. No epidemiological studies on the effects of Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Toxicity Summary: BCEE is extremely meabolized, with thiodiglycolic acid (TDGA) being the principal endproduct. The pathway leading to TDGA formation is uncertain, but probably involves oxidative cleavage of the ether bond to yield chloroacetaldehyde and 2-chloroethanol. (L183) Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
  • Environmental Bioconcentration: A BCF of 0.4 to 1.3 in carp(1) and a BCF of 11 in bluegills exposed to bis(2-chloroethyl) ether for 14 days(2) was observed. According to a classification scheme(3), these BCF values suggest that the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 120(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 1.29(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that bis(2-chloroethyl) ether is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of bis(2-chloroethyl) ether from moist soil surfaces is expected to be important(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.9X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), calculated from its vapor pressure(4) and water solubility(5). In a 140 cm long column containing Lincoln fine sand collected in Ada, OK, 86% of the applied bis(2-chloroethyl) ether reached 140 cm, indicating minimal adsorption to this soil(6). The potential for volatilization of bis(2-chloroethyl) ether from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based on a vapor pressure of 1.55 mm Hg(4). No data concerning the hydrolysis of bis(2-chloroethyl) ether in soil were available. The hydrolysis rate constant for bis(2-chloroethyl) ether in water was determined to be 2.6X10-5/hour under neutral conditions; this corresponds to a half-life at pH 7 and 25 °C of 3 years(7). Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether may be resistant to biodegradation under aerobic conditions in environmental medi Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 120(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 1.29(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that bis(2-chloroethyl) ether is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(3,SRC) based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.9X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), calculated from its vapor pressure(4) and water solubility(5). Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 40 hours and 16 days, respectively(3,SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), a BCF of 0.4 to 1.3(7) suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). In one study, bis(2-chloroethyl) ether showed 50% biodegradation after 30 days when incubated with Ohio River water; acclimation appears to be important(8). Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether may be resistant to biodegradation under aerobic conditions in environmental media based upon screening test data from studies using activated sludge(7,SRC). In general, many ethers are known to be resistant to biodegradation(9). The hydrolysis rate constant for bis(2 Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), bis(2-chloroethyl) ether, which has a vapor pressure of 1.55 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase bis(2-chloroethyl) ether is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 5 days(3,SRC). Direct photolysis in the atmosphere is not expected to be a major significant degradation process since no functional groups are present in bis(2-chloroethyl) ether that would lead to absorption of sunlight(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Industry Uses: Intermediate; Cleaning agent; Corrosion inhibitor; Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable; Surfactant (surface active agent); Solvent Source: EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)

Mapped by: Existing checksum-valid CAS to unique PubChem CID match. Retrieved: 2026-08-31. Open source record

Scientific classifications and hazard annotations provide context and do not replace the market-specific regulatory decision shown above.

Additional source coverage and match status
SourceResultChecked
NIH PubChem PUG-ViewExact match2026-08-31

A recorded no-match is useful evidence that the source was checked; it is not a claim that the substance does not exist elsewhere.

Retrieved from NIH PubChem on 2026-09-02 by checksum-valid CAS matching. Chemical properties do not replace the regulatory decision on this page.

Records for CAS 111-44-4

1 total

How CAS 111-44-4 is used on this site

CAS 111-44-4 is the Chemical Abstracts Service identifier used to pin this page to a specific substance. In the current dataset, 1 EU annex record shares this identifier, which helps you cross-check whether the same substance appears under one regulatory context or several.

Use this page when a supplier specification, SDS or raw-material dossier gives you CAS 111-44-4 and you need to see every linked Annex II–VI record in one place. The entry cards above are the quickest route to concentration limits, warnings, annex placement and product-type conditions.

Frequently asked questions

A substance identified by CAS 111-44-4 may appear in multiple EU cosmetic regulation annexes when it is subject to different conditions in different contexts. For example, a substance might be restricted under Annex III with specific conditions, and the same CAS might also appear in Annex IV as an approved colorant under separate entry conditions. Each entry must be reviewed individually.

Cross-reference the CAS number against your raw material specification sheets and CoA documents. When a CAS appears in Annex II, verify absence. When it appears in Annex III, verify that concentration limits and product type conditions are met in your formulation. All annex entries sharing this CAS number are listed above.

A CAS number is assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service (USA) and is globally recognised. An EC number is a European Commission identifier from inventories such as EINECS, ELINCS or the NLP list. Both identifiers may appear in EU cosmetic annex entries. Some substances have both, some have only one, and some older entries may have neither.

The INCI Checker accepts ingredient names, CAS numbers and EC numbers. Check this CAS number directly, then verify the result against supplier specification sheets and every linked annex condition.
Check this CAS number

Tools & next steps

Check your formula

Scan a full INCI list, then use CAS 111-44-4 to cross-check any supplier documents behind the matched substances.

INCI Checker

Browse annexes

Browse all EU cosmetic regulation annexes by category.

All annexes

Search by name

Search for INCI names, aliases or related identifiers that sit alongside CAS 111-44-4 in your documentation.

Search