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CAS 106-44-5

CAS 106-44-5 matches 0 EU annex records across Annex II–VI of Regulation 1223/2009.

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Chemical identity and properties

PubChem 2D chemical structure for CAS 106-44-5
CAS 106-44-5PubChem CID 2879

P-Cresol

P-cresol is a cresol that consists of toluene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4. It is a metabolite of aromatic amino acid metabolism produced by intestinal microflora in humans and animals. It has a role as a uremic toxin, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a human metabolite. — ChEBI

IUPAC name
4-methylphenol
Molecular formula
C7H8O
Molecular weight
108.14 g/mol
Exact mass
108.057514874 Da
XLogP3
1.9
Topological polar surface area
20.2 Ų
Hydrogen-bond donors
1
Hydrogen-bond acceptors
1
Covalent units
1
Defined stereocentres
0

Also known as

4-Cresol4-Hydroxytoluenep-Methylphenolp-Hydroxytoluenep-Tolyl alcoholPhenol, 4-methyl-para-Cresolp-Kresol
16 more reported names
p-Toluolp-Oxytoluenep-Cresylic acidParacresol1-Hydroxy-4-methylbenzenep-Methylhydroxybenzene1-Methyl-4-hydroxybenzeneParamethyl phenol4-methyl phenolRCRA waste number U052FEMA No. 23371MXY2UM8NVNSC-3696CHEBI:17847NSC3696RefChem:169303
Open full PubChem recordPubChem annotations3D structure image
External database identifiers

Evidence from additional scientific databases

EMBL-EBI ChEBI
Exact identifier matchCHEBI:17847

p-cresol

A cresol that consists of toluene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4. It is a metabolite of aromatic amino acid metabolism produced by intestinal microflora in humans and animals.

Formula
C7H8O
Average mass
108.140 g/mol
Monoisotopic mass
108.05751 Da
Formal charge
0
  • cresol — is a (CHEBI:25399)
  • uremic toxin — has role (CHEBI:64584)
  • human metabolite — has role (CHEBI:77746)
  • Escherichia coli metabolite — has role (CHEBI:76971)
  • uremic toxin — has role (CHEBI:64584)
  • human metabolite — has role (CHEBI:77746)
  • Escherichia coli metabolite — has role (CHEBI:76971)
  • cresol — is a (CHEBI:25399)
Additional curated names
4-methylphenol1-hydroxy-4-methylbenzene4-Cresol4-Hydroxytoluene4-Methylphenolp-Kresolp-methylphenolp-tolyl alcoholparacresolp-CresolP-CRESOL
Cross-references from this source
  • CAS: 106-44-5 — ChemIDplus
  • CAS: 106-44-5 — KEGG COMPOUND
  • CAS: 106-44-5 — NIST Chemistry WebBook
  • REGISTRY_NUMBER: 1305151 — Reaxys
  • REGISTRY_NUMBER: 2779 — Gmelin
  • MANUAL_X_REF: C00002645 — KNApSAcK
  • MANUAL_X_REF: c0127 — UM-BBD
  • MANUAL_X_REF: C01468 — KEGG COMPOUND
  • MANUAL_X_REF: CPD-108 — MetaCyc
  • MANUAL_X_REF: DB01688 — DrugBank
  • MANUAL_X_REF: HMDB0001858 — HMDB
  • MANUAL_X_REF: PCR — PDBeChem
  • MANUAL_X_REF: P-cresol — Wikipedia

Mapped by: Exact CAS cross-reference in the ChEBI compound record. Source updated: 2016-10-07. Retrieved: 2026-08-31. Open source record

NIH PubChem PUG-View
Exact identifier match2879

Attributed physical-property, hazard, environmental and use annotations.

  • First Aid: EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.; SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas.; INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whene Source: CAMEO Chemicals
  • First Aid: (General first aid procedures); Eye: Irrigate immediately - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.; Skin: Soap wash immediately - If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately wash the contaminated skin with soap and water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing, wash the skin with soap and water, and get medical attention promptly.; Breathing: Respiratory support; Swallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. Source: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
  • Signal: Danger Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]; H311: Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]; H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation] Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P260, P262, P264, P270, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council
  • Signal: Danger Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H301+H311 (16.1%): Toxic if swallowed or in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, dermal]; H301 (100%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]; H311 (100%): Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]; H314 (100%): Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]; H412 (11.5%): Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard] Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P260, P262, P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • ECHA C&L Notifications Summary: Aggregated GHS information provided per 2745 reports by companies from 23 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.; Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website. Source: European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
  • Signal: Danger Source: NITE-CMC
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]; H311: Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]; H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]; H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H351: Suspected of causing cancer [Warning Carcinogenicity]; H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]; H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]; H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]; H401: Toxic to aquatic life [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]; H412: Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard] Source: NITE-CMC
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P203, P260, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P273, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P318, P319, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: NITE-CMC
  • GHS Hazard Statements: H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]; H311: Toxic in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal]; H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]; H318: Causes serious eye damage [Danger Serious eye damage/eye irritation]; H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]; H370: Causes damage to organs [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]; H373: May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure] Source: NITE-CMC
  • Precautionary Statement Codes: P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P308+P316, P316, P317, P319, P321, P330, P361+P364, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) Source: NITE-CMC
  • Health Effects: Acute exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors can cause a cholinergic crisis characterized by severe nausea/vomiting, salivation, sweating, bradycardia, hypotension, collapse, and convulsions. Increasing muscle weakness is a possibility and may result in death if respiratory muscles are involved. Accumulation of ACh at motor nerves causes overstimulation of nicotinic expression at the neuromuscular junction. When this occurs symptoms such as muscle weakness, fatigue, muscle cramps, fasciculation, and paralysis can be seen. When there is an accumulation of ACh at autonomic ganglia this causes overstimulation of nicotinic expression in the sympathetic system. Symptoms associated with this are hypertension, and hypoglycemia. Overstimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the central nervous system, due to accumulation of ACh, results in anxiety, headache, convulsions, ataxia, depression of respiration and circulation, tremor, general weakness, and potentially coma. When there is expression of muscarinic overstimulation due to excess acetylcholine at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors symptoms of visual disturbances, tightness in chest, wheezing due to bronchoconstriction, incre Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
  • NFPA Health Rating: 3 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause serious or permanent injury. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • NFPA Fire Rating: 2 - Materials that must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperatures before ignition can occur. Materials would not under normal conditions form hazardous atmospheres with air, but under high ambient temperatures or under moderate heating could release vapor in sufficient quantities to produce hazardous atmospheres with air. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • NFPA Instability Rating: 0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Cosmetic Ingredient Review Conclusion: The CIR Expert panel concludes Sodium p-Chloro-m-Cresol, p-Chloro-m-Cresol, Chlorothymol, m-Cresol, o-Cresol, Isopropyl Cresols, Thymol, o-Cymen-5-ol, Cavacrol are safe at concentrations up to 0.5% in cosmetics; however, the available data are insufficient to support the safety of p-Cresol and Mixed Cresols for use in cosmetic products. Source: Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)
  • Cosmetic Ingredient Review Finding(s): Ingredients for which the data are insufficient and their use in cosmetics is not supported Source: Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)
  • Toxicity Summary: IDENTIFICATION AND USE: p-Cresol is a crystalline solid below 95 °F. It has been used in explosive, petroleum, photographic, paint and agricultural industries, for making synthetic resins; in disinfectants and fumigants; as industrial solvent. p-Cresol is used in the formulation of antioxidants. p-Cresol has many applications in the fragrance and dye industries. Synthetic food flavors also contain p-cresol. It is used as local antiseptic, parasiticide, disinfectant in veterinary. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: p-Cresol, an end product of aromatic amino acids, is produced from food proteins by intestinal bacteria, and is detectable in blood, urine and feces. p-Cresol may contribute to atherosclerosis and thrombosis in patients with uremia. Higher serum levels of p-cresol in chronic kidney disease populations have been associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. p-Cresol reduced the spontaneous contraction rates of cardiomyocytes, and caused irregular cardiomyocyte beating. In acute p-cresol-poisoning and long-term exposure to cresol as in severe uremic patients, p-cresol may potentially inhibit blood clot formation and lead to hemorrhagic disorders via inhibition of platelet a Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Toxicity Summary: p-Cresol is a cholinesterase or acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. A cholinesterase inhibitor (or 'anticholinesterase') suppresses the action of acetylcholinesterase. Because of its essential function, chemicals that interfere with the action of acetylcholinesterase are potent neurotoxins, causing excessive salivation and eye-watering in low doses, followed by muscle spasms and ultimately death. Nerve gases and many substances used in insecticides have been shown to act by binding a serine in the active site of acetylcholine esterase, inhibiting the enzyme completely. Acetylcholine esterase breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is released at nerve and muscle junctions, in order to allow the muscle or organ to relax. The result of acetylcholine esterase inhibition is that acetylcholine builds up and continues to act so that any nerve impulses are continually transmitted and muscle contractions do not stop. Among the most common acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are phosphorus-based compounds, which are designed to bind to the active site of the enzyme. The structural requirements are a phosphorus atom bearing two lipophilic groups, a leaving group (such as a halid Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
  • Environmental Bioconcentration: An estimated BCF of 9 was calculated for p-cresol(SRC), using a log Kow of 1.94(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF value suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), a measured Koc range of 27-500(2-4) indicates that p-cresol is expected to have very high to moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of p-cresol from moist soil surfaces is expected to occur(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 1.0X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(5). p-Cresol may volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 0.11 mm Hg at 25 °C(6). Based upon available test results, including OECD screening methods, p-cresol can be considered as being readily biodegradable under aerobic conditions(7). Biodegradation half-lives of 1 and 0.5 days were reported for 2 agricultural soils(8). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), a measured soil Koc range of 27-500(2-4) and a reported sediment Koc of 645(4) indicate that p-cresol is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(5) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 1.0X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(6). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(5), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 38 and 281 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(7), an estimated BCF of 9(SRC), from a log Kow of 1.94(8), and a regression derived equation(9), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Based upon available test results, including OECD screening methods, p-cresol can be considered as being readily biodegradable under aerobic conditions(10). Aerobic biodegradation is considered to be the major removal mechanism for p-cresol in the hydrosphere(10). Complete degradation of p-cresol occurred within 4 and 6 days using Lake Tahoe, CA water(11). p-Cresol is a phenol and phenols in surface waters exposed to sunlight react with photo-oxidants (such as hydroxyl radicals, peroxy r Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Environmental Fate: ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), p-cresol, which has a vapor pressure of 0.11 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase p-cresol is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 7 hours(SRC) from its rate constant of 4.96X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 21 °C(3). Vapor-phase p-cresol is also degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with nitrate radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 3 minutes(SRC) from its rate constant of 1.66X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). The nitrate radical is the dominant atmospheric oxidant during the night-time in most atmospheric environments(4), therefore, night-time degradation appears to be a major atmospheric loss process for p-cresol(SRC). p-Cresol absorbs at wavelengths >290 nm(5) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). p-Cresol has been detected in rain water(6,7) indicating it may be removed from the air by wet deposition(SRC). Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Consumer Uses: Solvent; Binder; Processing aids, specific to petroleum production; Intermediate; Cleaning agent; Fragrance; Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable Source: EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
  • Industry Uses: Dye; Intermediate; Processing aids, specific to petroleum production; Catalyst; Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable; Corrosion inhibitor; Cleaning agent; Fragrance; Fuel agents; Antioxidant; Fuel; Surfactant (surface active agent); Processing aids not otherwise specified; Other; Solvent Source: EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
  • Cosmetic Ingredient Review Link: CIR ingredient: p-Cresol Source: Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR)
  • Sources/Uses: Used as an industrial solvent, to make synthetic resins, and in disinfectants and fungicides; [Merck Index] Used to make explosives, fragrances, antioxidants, lubricating oils, motor oils, rubbers, polymers, elastomers, and other chemicals; Also used as a metal cleaning agent, solvent for wire enamels, ore flotation agent, coal desulfurizing agent, flavoring agent, and in the petroleum, photographic, paint, dye, and agricultural industries; [HSDB] Used in degreasing compounds, paintbrush cleaners, engine cleaners, and in the textile industry; [NTP] Naturally occurring in many plants, human urine, petroleum, and coal tar, as well as emissions from the combustion of wastes, coal, wood, vehicles, and cigarettes; Used primarily as an intermediate for BHT (antioxidant), other antioxidants, anisaldehyde, and other intermediates; Uses for all cresol isomers include as preservatives or stabilizers in cleaning/washing agents, surface treatment products, paints, adhesives, binding agents, corrosion inhibitors, and impregnation materials; [OECD SIDS: m-/p-Cresol Category - 2003] Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
  • Industrial Processes with risk of exposure: Metal Degreasing [Category: Clean]; Textiles (Fiber & Fabric Manufacturing) [Category: Industry]; Painting (Solvents) [Category: Paint]; Working with Glues and Adhesives [Category: Other]; Using Disinfectants or Biocides [Category: Clean]; Farming (Pesticides) [Category: Industry]; Photographic Processing [Category: Other]; Metal Extraction and Refining [Category: Industry] Source: Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
  • Uses: Chemical intermediate for tricresyl phosphate & cresyl diphenyl phosphate; agent in production of disinfectants, explosives, & synthetic perfumery materials; metal cleaning agent; solvent for wire enamels; agent in ore flotation; monomer for phenolic resins Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: Organic sulfur is removed from coal by extraction with p-cresol. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: p-Cresol has been used in synthetic resins, explosive, petroleum, photographic, paint and agricultural industries. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: For making synthetic resins; in disinfectants and fumigants; as industrial solvent. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: For more Uses (Complete) data for p-CRESOL (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page. Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
  • Uses: Cresols are used as solvents, disinfectants and deodorizers, as well as to make other chemicals. They may be formed normally in the body from other compounds. Cresols are found in many foods and in wood and tobacco smoke, crude oil, coal tar, and in chemical mixtures used as wood preservatives. Small organisms in soil and water produce cresols when they break down materials in the environment. Breathing air containing cresols is the primary source of exposure. Exposure may also result from drinking contaminated water, eating contaminated food and coming into contact with liquids containing cresols. (L528) Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

Mapped by: Existing checksum-valid CAS to unique PubChem CID match. Retrieved: 2026-08-31. Open source record

Scientific classifications and hazard annotations provide context and do not replace the market-specific regulatory decision shown above.

Additional source coverage and match status
SourceResultChecked
EMBL-EBI ChEBIExact match2026-08-31
NIH PubChem PUG-ViewExact match2026-08-31

A recorded no-match is useful evidence that the source was checked; it is not a claim that the substance does not exist elsewhere.

Retrieved from NIH PubChem on 2026-09-02 by checksum-valid CAS matching. Chemical properties do not replace the regulatory decision on this page.

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